Cognitive approach — AS & A Level Psychology (9990) questions by topic

Cognitive approach questions ask candidates to describe the sample in Andrade's doodling study beyond its size, evaluate Baron-Cohen et al.'s eyes test with quantitative evidence, interpret a correlation involving the Autism Spectrum Quotient, and describe a result from Laney et al.'s false memory questionnaires.

Outline, describe, explain, identify and evaluate lead 37 real questions worth 3 to 12 marks from 2023 to 2025 papers. Because sample and result detail is often confused between similar named studies, drafting an answer and checking it against instant marking shows fast whether a feature genuinely belongs to the study asked about.

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May–June 2025, Paper 11

Question 6 · 7 marks

Describe the psychology being investigated in the study by Pozzulo et al. (line-ups).

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Question 9 · 12 marks

In the study by Andrade (doodling), the sample size was 40 participants. Describe the sample of participants used in this study, other than the sample size of 40.

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May–June 2025, Paper 12

Question 2 · 4 marks

From the study by Pozzulo et al. (line-ups): Identify two features of the female used as a 'human face target'.

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Question 10 · 10 marks

Evaluate the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test) in terms of two strengths and two weaknesses. At least one of your evaluation points must be about quantitative data.

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May–June 2025, Paper 13

Question 8 · 4 marks

Your friend, Alfonso, is finding it difficult to concentrate at school. He tells you that his concentration is worse when he is bored. He has come to you for advice about ways to…

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May–June 2024, Paper 11

Question 1 · 5 marks

In the study by Pozzulo et al. (line-ups), cartoon character targets were used. Identify one of the cartoon characters used.

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May–June 2024, Paper 12

Question 2 · 4 marks

From the study by Andrade (doodling): Outline the experimental design used in this study.

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Question 6 · 5 marks

From the study by Pozzulo et al. (line-ups): Describe the 'line-up presentation' for the target–absent condition.

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Question 10 · 10 marks

Evaluate the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test) in terms of two strengths and two weaknesses. At least one of your evaluation points must be about ethics.

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May–June 2024, Paper 13

Question 4 · 5 marks

From the study by Andrade (doodling): Describe what is meant by the term 'attention'.

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Question 9 · 12 marks

From the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test): Describe the sample used in either Group 1 or Group 2.

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October–November 2024, Paper 11

Question 3 · 4 marks

From the study by Pozzulo et al. (line-ups): Outline one aim of the study.

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Question 7 · 4 marks

Gabriela has a job where she needs to listen to recorded telephone conversations to check the quality of customer service. However, she finds it difficult to pay attention to the…

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Question 8 · 4 marks

Adamu is talking about the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test). He says that the findings are not generalisable. Explain why Adamu is correct that the findings are not…

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October–November 2024, Paper 12

Question 2 · 4 marks

From the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test): Outline one result in relation to sex of participant and scores on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes test.

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Question 7 · 4 marks

Children can be eyewitnesses to a crime. However, children’s identification of the criminal can be inaccurate. Suggest how child eyewitnesses can be helped to accurately identify…

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Question 10 · 10 marks

Evaluate the study by Andrade (doodling) in terms of two strengths and two weaknesses. At least one of your evaluation points must be about the sampling technique used.

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October–November 2024, Paper 13

Question 4 · 5 marks

From the study by Pozzulo et al. (line-ups): Describe the 'line-up presentation' for the target–present condition.

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Question 6 · 6 marks

From the study by Andrade (doodling): Describe the psychology being investigated in this study.

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May–June 2023, Paper 11

Question 2 · 3 marks

From the study by Andrade (doodling): Identify two features of the sample used in this study.

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Question 5 · 5 marks

In Experiment 1 of the study by Laney et al. (false memory), participants completed both the Food History Inventory and the Restaurant Questionnaire. Describe one result from the…

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Question 6 · 6 marks

Outline two assumptions of the cognitive approach. You must use an example from a core study for each assumption.

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Question 8 · 6 marks

Two friends, Danilo and Noah, are discussing the validity of the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test). Danilo thinks the study has validity but Noah thinks the study does not…

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May–June 2023, Paper 12

Question 2 · 3 marks

From the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test). Name the two tests used in this study, other than the eyes test.

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Question 5 · 5 marks

In Experiment 2 of the study by Laney et al. (false memory), participants completed both the 'Memory or Belief?' questionnaire and the Food Preferences Questionnaire. Describe one…

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Question 10 · 10 marks

Evaluate the study by Andrade (doodling) in terms of two strengths and two weaknesses. At least one of your evaluation points must be about the use of an independent measures…

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May–June 2023, Paper 13

Question 5 · 5 marks

In Experiment 2 of the study by Laney et al. (false memory), participants completed both the Food History Inventory and photograph ratings of food items. Describe one result from…

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Question 7 · 4 marks

Suggest two real-world applications based on the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test). Your suggestions must be ethical.

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October–November 2023, Paper 11

Question 1 · 3 marks

In the study by Andrade (doodling), the participants were given a surprise recall test for two categories of information that was presented in the telephone message. One of these…

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Question 3 · 3 marks

Explain one problem that could arise if children were used as participants in the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test).

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Question 10 · 10 marks

Evaluate the study by Laney et al. (false memory) in terms of two strengths and two weaknesses. At least one of your evaluation points must be about ethics.

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October–November 2023, Paper 12

Question 1 · 3 marks

The study by Baron-Cohen et al. used the eyes test as a measure of theory of mind. The eyes test results were negatively (inversely) correlated with the results of another…

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Question 6 · 6 marks

From the study by Andrade (doodling): Describe the background to this study.

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October–November 2023, Paper 13

Question 2 · 4 marks

From the study by Pepperberg (parrot learning): Describe the procedure of the 'Transfer Tests with Novel Objects'.

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Question 3 · 3 marks

Explain one problem that could arise if children were used as participants in the study by Laney et al. (false memory).

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Question 5 · 6 marks

From the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test): One aim was to investigate whether there would be a correlation between scores on the revised 'Reading the Mind in the Eyes' test…

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Question 8 · 6 marks

Two friends, Xander and Silvia, are discussing the individual and situational explanations for behaviour in relation to the study by Andrade (doodling). Xander thinks the study…

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