Cell structure — AS & A Level Biology (9700) questions by topic

Which statements about light microscopes are correct? 1 To calculate the magnification of a light microscope, the eyepiece lens and objective lens magnifications are added…

A student measured the width of a mitochondrion in an electron micrograph of an animal cell with a magnification of ×9600. The width was 6 mm. What was the actual width of the…

The photomicrograph shows a section of the stem of a plant, with a cell labelled Q. Which statements could describe Q? 1 The cell wall contains pits. 2 The cell wall contains…

The diagram is taken from an electron micrograph of a cell that secretes enzymes. Where are the polypeptides for these enzymes made? The diagram shows a secretory cell with four…

Which comparisons between a typical bacterial cell and a typical plant cell are correct? bacterial cell plant cell --- --- --- 1 cytoplasmic DNA nuclear DNA 2 no smooth ER present…

The diagram shows a virus with four structures labelled W, X, Y and Z. Which row correctly identifies the labelled biological molecules? W X Y Z --- --- --- --- --- A RNA proteins…

Which row shows possible uses of an eyepiece graticule? comparing the diameter of two cells viewed with a ×40 objective lens calibrating a stage micrometer viewed with a ×10…

Which statement about a light microscope is correct? A As the distance to see two points as separate points decreases, the resolution also decreases. B A bacterium 0.2 μm in…

The electron micrograph shows a cell at a magnification of ×108 000. What is the actual maximum length of the cell? A 0.509 μm B 0.676 μm C 1.48 μm D 6.76 μm

The table compares some biochemical molecules of P, Q, R and S. chlorophyll DNA RNA peptidoglycan --- --- --- --- --- P ✓ ✓ ✓ ✗ Q ✗ ✓ ✓ ✗ R ✗ ✓ ✓ ✓ S ✗ ✗ ✓ ✗ Key: ✓ = present; ✗ =…

Which cell structures contain enzymes and are enclosed by a double membrane? 1 nucleus 2 mitochondrion 3 chloroplast A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 2 and 3 only

What is the order of size of cell structures? largest → smallest --- --- A centrioles → ribosomes → lysosomes → nucleoli B centrioles → nucleoli → lysosomes → ribosomes C nucleoli…

The diagram shows a scale used to calibrate an eyepiece graticule. Each division of the eyepiece graticule is equal to how many micrometres? A 1 μm B 5 μm C 10 μm D 100 μm

The photograph shows an animal cell viewed using an electron microscope. Which diagram shows what this cell would look like when viewed using a light microscope? A [diagram…

Norovirus has a diameter of 30 nm. Mimivirus has a diameter of 400 nm. The maximum resolution of a light microscope is 0.25 μm. Which of these organisms can be detected using a…

Which structures are found in both chloroplasts and mitochondria? 1 DNA 2 70S ribosomes 3 mRNA A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Which comparison of red blood cells with plant cells is correct? A Red blood cells have a larger surface area to volume ratio than plant cells. B Red blood cells have a cell wall…

A student centrifuges a sample containing bacteria at low speed and then at high speed. Which structure would be isolated together with the bacteria at low speed? A chloroplasts B…

Plant cells were observed at ×400 magnification. Which structures could be clearly visible in these cells? A cell surface membranes B centrioles C nucleoli D ribosomes

The diagram shows a stage micrometer used to calibrate an eyepiece graticule. Y is the number of eyepiece graticule divisions and Z is the number of stage micrometer divisions.…

The diagram shows two stage micrometer scale readings used to measure pollen tube growth. The pollen tube grows 5 μm in one hour. What is the growth rate? A 5 μm h⁻¹ B 10 μm h⁻¹ C…

Which structures are found in both chloroplasts and mitochondria? 1 DNA 2 70S ribosomes 3 mRNA A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and 3 only

Which structure in a muscle cell would increase in number in a person who trains regularly as a runner? A cell surface membrane B mitochondrion C nucleus D ribosome

Which functions are carried out by the Golgi body? 1 production of lysosomes 2 modification of polypeptides 3 synthesis of DNA A 1 only B 1 and 2 only C 2 and 3 only D 1, 2 and 3

A unicellular organism is found to have a nucleus, mitochondria and a cell wall. Which statement is correct? A The organism is not prokaryotic because it has a nucleus. B The…

In mammals, the small intestine is the main site of absorption of the products of digestion. Fig. 2.1 is a transmission electron micrograph (×12500) of a longitudinal section of…

Fig. 3.1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a pair of human chromosomes in a stage of the mitotic cell cycle. The magnification is ×8625. Calculate the actual length, to the…

The diagram shows a stage micrometer scale viewed with an eyepiece graticule, using a magnification of x200. The eyepiece graticule is numbered 0 to 100. A span of 0.1 mm on the…

Which range of cell diameters is typical for prokaryotic cells?

The diagram shows a typical animal cell with three structures labelled. Label 1 indicates a small vesicle near the cell surface membrane; label 2 indicates rough endoplasmic…

Which structure is found in a typical bacterial cell?

What is the correct order of locations in the cell for the production of an extracellular enzyme?

A prokaryotic cell which is 1 um in diameter is magnified 50000 times in an electron micrograph. What is the diameter of the cell in the electron micrograph?

The diagram shows a plant cell with some labelled structures. Label P points to a small dense circular structure inside a larger structure; label Q points to a small organelle…

Which size of ribosome is found in mitochondria and typical prokaryotic cells?

Which row about typical prokaryotic cells and typical animal cells is correct? The columns are 'lysosomes present for the break down of old organelles' and 'ATP is produced by the…

Which row is correct for the structures present in typical plant cells and typical animal cells? The columns are 'cell structure', 'plant cell' and 'animal cell'.

An eyepiece graticule can be calibrated using a stage micrometer. What is the correct reason why an eyepiece graticule is calibrated? A An eyepiece graticule can be used to make…

The image is an electron micrograph of a typical eukaryotic cell. [Electron micrograph of a typical eukaryotic cell, showing a prominent nucleus with darkly stained nucleolus,…

Which features are found in typical eukaryotes and also in typical bacteria? The question shows a three-circle Venn diagram. The three circles are labelled with the features: 'can…

Which type of cell will have the highest proportion of its volume taken up with cell structures bound by a single membrane? A ciliated epithelial cell B goblet cell C red blood…

Alveolar macrophages are cells of the immune system that remain in the alveolar region of the gas exchange system. The macrophages protect against infection caused by pathogens…

The Zika virus is a pathogen that can infect human cells. Fig. 1.1 is a drawing of the structure of a Zika virus, showing an outer layer of repeating protein units enclosing an…

The diagram shows a transverse section through a blood capillary. The capillary is drawn as a roughly circular outline with the wall of endothelium labelled and the lumen labelled…

Which statement explains why lymphocytes with no nucleoli die?

Density gradient centrifugation is used to separate cell structures by their relative density. Larger cell structures have greater density and sink further down the centrifuge…

Which cell structures contain nucleic acids? 1 chloroplasts; 2 Golgi bodies; 3 lysosomes; 4 ribosomes.

The statements describe processes that take place in a secretory cell. 1 Modification of the protein occurs in the Golgi body. 2 mRNA leaves the nucleus. 3 Ribosomes bind to mRNA…

How many types of structures with a double membrane that are found in animal cells are also found in plant cells?

A light microscope is used to observe two structures that are 200 nm apart on the slide. What is the actual distance between the two structures when the magnification is changed…

A cell is shown in the micrograph. The micrograph shows a cell with extensive parallel stacks of membranes (endoplasmic reticulum), several dark rounded organelles, and a large…

Which statement supports the fact that mature plant cells contain organelles that carry out the same role as lysosomes?

Which cell structures may contain cisternae? Row chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum Golgi body mitochondrion --- --- --- --- --- A may contain may contain may contain does not…

The diagram shows some cell structures of one type of cell. The cell is drawn as a rod-shaped (capsule-shaped) cell with: structure 1 - small dots scattered through the cytoplasm;…

Which steps are needed to find the actual width of a xylem vessel viewed in transverse section using a x10 objective lens? 1 Convert from mm to um by multiplying by 10^-3. 2…

Which cell structure is found in human cells and typical plant cells?

Which statements are correct for a typical prokaryotic cell? 1 It contains 70S ribosomes. 2 It contains a cellulose cell wall. 3 It contains circular DNA. 4 It is up to 5 um in…

The diagram shows a typical animal cell with various organelles drawn. The membrane system labelled X consists of stacks of flattened membrane channels studded with small dots…

What describes a lysosome?

Animal cells, plant cells and prokaryotic cells have similarities and differences in their structure. Table 1.1 lists five organelles found in cells. Complete Table 1.1 by placing…

Table 1.1 lists cell structures that can be found in eukaryotic cells or prokaryotic cells. Some of these cell structures can be found in both types of cell. Complete the table…

The electron micrograph shows onion root cells prepared using a freeze-fracture technique. The cells were quickly frozen and then physically broken apart. Freeze fracture breaks…

Which cell structures can form vesicles? The options are given as a table with a tick for 'can form vesicles' and a cross for 'cannot form vesicles' across cell surface membrane,…

Four students were asked to match the function with the appearance of some cell structures in an animal cell. The functions were listed by number: 1 synthesis of polypeptides; 2…

Which cells contain a tonoplast? The options are given as a table with a tick for 'contain tonoplast' and a cross for 'do not contain tonoplast' across root hair, companion, sieve…

Which organelles found in animal or plant cells are surrounded by double membranes? A chloroplasts, mitochondria, vacuoles B chloroplasts, mitochondria, nuclei C chloroplasts,…

Some scientists think that mitochondria evolved from bacteria that entered the cytoplasm of a different cell and were able to survive there. Which structural features of…

A graticule and a micrometer scale can be used to measure the size of biological structures that are viewed with a microscope. A diagram of a microscope is shown with three…

Six organelles found in eukaryotic cells are shown (not to scale), labelled 1 to 6: 1 a nucleus, 2 a mitochondrion, 3 a ribosome/rough ER fragment, 4 smooth endoplasmic reticulum,…

Which cell structures can have mRNA inside them? 1 chloroplast; 2 mitochondrion; 3 nucleus; 4 rough endoplasmic reticulum. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1, 2 and 3 only C 2, 3 and 4 only D 3…

A scientist carried out an experiment to separate the organelles in an animal cell by mass. The cells were mixed with a buffer solution which had the same water potential as the…

Which structures are found in palisade mesophyll cells and photosynthetic prokaryotes? 1 cell surface membrane; 2 cellulose wall; 3 ribosomes; 4 chloroplasts. A 1, 2, 3 and 4 B 1,…

Which feature is visible with a light microscope using a natural light source? A DNA molecule of diameter 2 nm B Paramecium cell of diameter 200 micrometres C phospholipid bilayer…

The electron micrograph shows a structure found in the cytoplasm of an animal cell, appearing as a ring of pairs of microtubules (a centriole in cross-section). Which biological…

Which cell structures contain nucleic acid? 1 cytoplasm; 2 lysosomes; 3 mitochondria. A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 3 only

Mitochondria are thought to have evolved from prokaryotic cells that were ingested by an ancestral cell. Which feature have prokaryotes lost during their evolution into…

Fig. 1.1 is a transmission electron micrograph of a cell from the stem of sago pondweed, Stuckenia pectinata, at magnification x2500. The cell wall and an air space are labelled,…

Fig. 4.1 is a transmission electron micrograph of the form of T. brucei found in human blood, with a scale bar of 1 micrometre and a structure labelled X projecting from one end…

The diagram shows an eyepiece graticule and a cell viewed through a microscope. When the eyepiece graticule was calibrated at this magnification, the whole length of the graticule…

Tay-Sachs disease results in a build-up of lipids in cells. Which cell structure does not function correctly in this disease? A Golgi body B lysosome C mitochondrion D smooth…

Which animal cells would have the most extensive Golgi bodies? A ciliated epithelial cells B goblet cells C red blood cells D smooth muscle cells

The diagram shows three overlapping circles, 1, 3 and 5, and the shared structures, 2 and 4. Structure 2 is shared between circle 1 and circle 3; structure 4 is shared between…

Which row about the genetic material in animal cells and prokaryotic cells is correct? The table gives a tick or cross (key: tick = correct, cross = not correct) for three…

Which combination of lenses for a light microscope will give the greatest magnification? eyepiece lens objective lens --- --- --- A x5 x100 B x10 x40 C x15 x40 D x15 x100

The diagram shows an electron micrograph of virus particles in a human nucleus, taken at x24 000 magnification. One virus particle is labelled. The labelled virus particle…

What is correct about the synthesis and release of the glycoprotein mucin in goblet cells? 1 The protein is produced on ribosomes and a carbohydrate chain is added in the Golgi…

What are functions of microtubules? 1 allowing movement of cilia in a bronchus 2 attachment to centromeres during metaphase 3 moving secretory vesicles around a cell A 1, 2 and 3…

The diagram shows three overlapping circles labelled Golgi body, mitochondrion and chloroplast. The overlap regions are labelled A (Golgi body and chloroplast), B (Golgi body and…

Some features of cells are listed. 1 cell wall 2 cell surface membrane 3 ribosomes Which features can be found in plant cells and in prokaryotic cells? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only…

The graph shows the effect of increasing the side length of agar cubes on the surface area and the volume of the cubes. Line 1 is the steeper curve that rises more rapidly; line 2…

Which statement about light microscopy is correct? A As the resolution increases, the magnification increases. B As the magnification increases, the image always becomes clearer.…

The diagram shows a stage micrometer scale viewed through an eyepiece containing a graticule. The small divisions of the stage micrometer scale are 0.1 mm. The stage micrometer…

What is the correct order for the involvement of the cell structures in the synthesis and secretion of an enzyme? 1 cell surface membrane 2 Golgi body 3 nucleus 4 rough…

Centrioles, cilia, microtubules and microvilli are structures found in eukaryotic cells. Which statement about these cellular structures is correct? A Centrioles, cilia and…

Which description of plasmodesmata is correct? A They are channels through plant cell walls, lined by the cell surface membrane. B They are channels through plant cell walls that…

Which cell organelle does not have nucleic acids? A chloroplast B Golgi body C mitochondrion D ribosome

Which processes occur in eukaryotes and prokaryotes? 1 hydrolysis 2 mitosis 3 transcription 4 translation A 1, 2 and 3 B 1, 2 and 4 C 1, 3 and 4 D 2, 3 and 4

Fig. 2.1 is a transmission electron micrograph showing a section of a specialised epithelial cell found in the lining of the stomach. This cell produces extracellular proteins…