Mechanisms — IGCSE Design & Technology (0445) questions by topic

Explain why spur gears are used to transmit motion in a mechanism.

Describe how two shafts can be made to rotate in the same direction using spur gears.

Use sketches and notes to show a parallel linkage.

(a) Fig. 11.1 shows two views of a badge-making machine which is used to press a clear plastic sheet over a paper badge and badge blank. View A shows the machine at rest, with a…

Friction can be reduced by design. Give two examples of how friction can be reduced when designing a car.

Fig. 5.1 shows part of the drive mechanism on a steam locomotive. Fig. 5.1 is a photograph of the driving wheels of a steam locomotive showing the connecting/coupling rod and…

State the type of motion associated with each symbol in Fig. 6.1. Fig. 6.1 shows four motion symbols: A is a straight double-headed (two-way) horizontal arrow; B is a curved…

Fig. 10.1 shows a pair of garden loppers used to cut branches from trees. Fig. 10.1 is a photograph of long-handled garden loppers (a cutting blade at the head pivoting against an…

Explain why spur gears are used to transmit motion in a mechanism.

Describe how two shafts can be made to rotate in the same direction using spur gears.

Use sketches and notes to show a parallel linkage.

Fig. 11.1 shows two views of a badge-making machine which is used to press a clear plastic sheet over a paper badge and badge blank. View A shows the machine at rest with a spring…

Fig. 10.1 shows part of an incomplete design for a towel rack. The backboard is made of hardwood and the arm is made from Ø8 aluminium rod. Use sketches and notes to show how the…

Fig. 3.1 shows a lever (L1) being used to move a link rod that is attached to a second lever (L2), via fixed pivot points and link rods Y and Z. (a) State the class of levers L1…

Oil or grease can be used to reduce friction in a moving joint. Give two benefits of reducing friction in a mechanism.

Give two reasons for using spur gears in a mechanism.

(a) Fig. 11.1 shows a piece of exercise equipment in a park. The equipment uses feet and hands to operate it (foot pedals shown). (a)(i) From the list below, give the name of the…

Use sketches and notes to show one example of a first order lever and one example of a third order lever. Use the space provided above each label.

Fig. 5.1 shows three different arrangements of spur gears (A: driver and driven equal-size meshing gears; B: small driver meshing with large driven gear; C: driver and driven…

Fig. 6.1 shows an electric scooter (with motor casing). Give the conversion of motion that occurs when the motor operates, and the scooter starts to move. Complete: ............…

(a) Fig. 11.1 shows a gardening tool used for cutting branches from trees. It uses a lever combined with a gear mechanism to provide the cutting force (a larger gear and a smaller…

Fig. 3.1 shows a lever (L1) being used to move a link rod that is attached to a second lever (L2), via fixed pivot points and link rods Y and Z. (a) State the class of levers L1…

Oil or grease can be used to reduce friction in a moving joint. Give two benefits of reducing friction in a mechanism.

Give two reasons for using spur gears in a mechanism.

(a) Fig. 11.1 shows a piece of exercise equipment in a park. The equipment uses feet and hands to operate it (foot pedals shown). (a)(i) From the list below, give the name of the…

Fig. 4.1 shows a car handbrake lever (pivot at point X, handbrake cable). (a) Describe how friction in the pivot at point X can be reduced.

Give two reasons for choosing spur gears to drive a mechanism.

Fig. 6.1 shows two spur gears - a large drive gear A meshing with a smaller driven gear B. State two effects of using the spur gears shown in Fig. 6.1.

(a) Fig. 10.1 shows a mechanism used to raise or lower a gate on a waterway (a shaft with a square taper; parts X and Y). (a)(i) State the names of parts X and Y that are used in…

Fig. 4.1 shows a car handbrake lever (pivot at point X, handbrake cable). (a) Describe how friction in the pivot at point X can be reduced.

Give two reasons for choosing spur gears to drive a mechanism.

Fig. 6.1 shows two spur gears - a large drive gear A meshing with a smaller driven gear B. State two effects of using the spur gears shown in Fig. 6.1.

(a) Fig. 10.1 shows a mechanism used to raise or lower a gate on a waterway (a shaft with a square taper; parts X and Y). (a)(i) State the names of parts X and Y that are used in…

Fig. 4.1 shows a car handbrake lever (pivot at point X, handbrake cable). (a) Describe how friction in the pivot at point X can be reduced.

Give two reasons for choosing spur gears to drive a mechanism.

Fig. 6.1 shows two spur gears - a large drive gear A meshing with a smaller driven gear B. State two effects of using the spur gears shown in Fig. 6.1.

(a) Fig. 10.1 shows a mechanism used to raise or lower a gate on a waterway (a shaft with a square taper; parts X and Y). (a)(i) State the names of parts X and Y that are used in…

Fig. 4.1 shows two arrangements of spur gears (A: small driver, large driven; B: equal-size driver and driven). Describe the changes in output that will occur for each arrangement…

Give one reason for lubricating steel spur gears in a mechanism.

Give one result of not lubricating a mechanism running at high speed.

Fig. 11.1 shows a water spray bottle operated by finger pressure on the operating lever. (a)(i) Add the letters 'L', 'F' and 'E' to the correct circles in Fig. 11.1 to identify…

Fig. 5.1 shows a mechanism made up of different linkages (link C, link D, and a crank). (a) State the type of motion of link C when the crank is turned.

Fig. 6.1 shows two spur gears, a 24 t drive gear meshing with a 24 t gear. State two results of rotating the drive gear in the direction shown.

(a) Fig. 11.1 shows part of a bicycle chain with four positions identified (A, B, C, D). (a)(i) Give the two positions on Fig. 11.1 where lubrication should be applied.

Fig. 4.1 shows two arrangements of spur gears (A: small driver, large driven; B: equal-size driver and driven). Describe the changes in output that will occur for each arrangement…

Give one reason for lubricating steel spur gears in a mechanism.

Give one result of not lubricating a mechanism running at high speed.

Fig. 11.1 shows a water spray bottle operated by finger pressure on the operating lever. (a)(i) Add the letters 'L', 'F' and 'E' to the correct circles in Fig. 11.1 to identify…

Sketch and name one example of a third order lever.

Fig. 5.1 shows a linkage used on a front loader truck. (a) Name the type of linkage shown in Fig. 5.1.

Fig. 6.1 shows a simplified line drawing of a small internal combustion (IC) engine (cylinder, piston, crankshaft). State the conversion of motion that takes place in the IC…

(a) Fig. 10.1 shows a cam and follower mechanism (spring, nylon bearing, cam follower, cam position). (a)(i) Draw a cam on the position shown in Fig. 10.1 to operate the cam…

Sketch and name one example of a third order lever.

Fig. 5.1 shows a linkage used on a front loader truck. Name the type of linkage shown in Fig. 5.1.

Fig. 6.1 shows a simplified line drawing of a small internal combustion (IC) engine, with the cylinder, piston and crankshaft labelled. State the conversion of motion that takes…

Fig. 10.1 shows a cam and follower mechanism (spring, nylon bearing, cam follower, cam position). Draw a cam on the position shown in Fig. 10.1 to operate the cam follower 4 times…

Sketch and name one example of a third order lever.

Fig. 5.1 shows a linkage used on a front loader truck. Name the type of linkage shown in Fig. 5.1.

Fig. 6.1 shows a simplified line drawing of a small internal combustion (IC) engine, with the cylinder, piston and crankshaft labelled. State the conversion of motion that takes…

Fig. 10.1 shows a cam and follower mechanism (spring, nylon bearing, cam follower, cam position). Draw a cam on the position shown in Fig. 10.1 to operate the cam follower 4 times…