Motion, forces and energy — IGCSE Sciences - Co-Ordinated (0973) questions by topic

A metal bar has weight 50 N and length 2.0 m. The centre of gravity of the bar is 0.80 m from the left-hand end. The bar is placed on a pivot at a point 0.40 m from the left-hand…

The diagram shows a large force of magnitude P and a small force of magnitude Q acting on a box. Force P acts to the left and the smaller force Q acts to the right, in opposite…

The diagrams show the only forces acting on each of four objects moving in a straight line. Which object is moving at constant speed in a straight line? A a single 2.0 N force…

A person pushes a drawing pin into a cork with their thumb. The sharp point of the pin presses on the cork and the flat head presses on the thumb. Which statement explains why the…

The diagram shows four objects, P, Q, R and S, with uniform density, resting on different horizontal surfaces. The objects are all drawn to the same scale. P is a medium cube; Q…

The diagram shows the extension-load graph for a spring. The length of the unloaded spring is 4.0 cm. The graph is a straight line through the origin of extension / cm against…

What is the unit of work and what is an equivalent combination of units? unit equivalent combination --- --- --- A joule newton metre B joule newton / metre C newton joule metre D…

The total energy input to an electric lamp is 20 J. The useful energy output is 12 J. What is the efficiency of the lamp? A 33% B 40% C 60% D 66%

In which speed-time graph is acceleration not constant or 0? Four speed-time graphs are shown (speed on y-axis, time on x-axis): A a downward curve - speed decreasing with a…

A lamp produces 760 J of wasted energy for every 1000 J of energy supplied to it. What is the efficiency of the lamp? A 0.24% B 0.76% C 24% D 76%

Atmospheric pressure is 1.0 × 10⁵ Pa. A football pitch is 105 m long and 68 m wide. What is the total weight of the air above the football pitch? A 14 N B 1.7 × 10⁷ N C 3.5 × 10⁷…

Fig. 9.1 shows a horse and cart. The horse and cart travel for a distance of 400 m in 300 s. Calculate the average speed of the horse and cart. average speed = ............... m/s

Fig. 9.1 shows the speed–time graph for a short car journey. The line starts at the origin and rises in a straight line to a speed of 8 m/s at time 40 s; the speed stays constant…

A rocket travels vertically upwards. Fig. 10.1 shows the speed-time graph for the rocket: speed / m/s (y-axis, 0 to 350) against time / s (x-axis, 0 to 50). The curve rises with…

A torch (flashlight) consists of a battery, a switch and a lamp connected in series. Fig. 9.1 shows a torch. State the energy store which decreases when the battery powers the…

A car travels at constant speed. It is at point X at time = 0. [Graphs A-D: each pair shows a distance-time graph and a speed-time graph. A = straight diagonal distance-time line…

The diagrams show all the forces acting on three objects, X, Y and Z. X has 10 N up and 10 N down (balanced). Y has 5 N up and 15 N down (unbalanced). Z has forces that do not…

A student places four identical beakers on a bench. Two beakers contain salt water of density 1.1 g/cm3 and two contain pure water of density 1.0 g/cm3. A = 150 cm3 salt water, B…

The power rating of an electric kettle is 1500 W. What does this mean? A The kettle requires 1500 J to boil water. B The kettle takes 1500 s to boil water. C The kettle transfers…

The graph shows how the speed of an object varies with time. The speed of the object is v at time t (a straight line from the origin to (t, v)). [Speed-time graph: straight line…

The diagram shows a block of metal of mass 72 g with dimensions 2.0 cm x 3.0 cm x 4.0 cm. [Diagram: cuboid 2.0 cm x 3.0 cm x 4.0 cm, mass 72 g.] What is the density of the metal?…

Which statement about a resultant force is correct? A An object must have a resultant force acting on it if it is moving. B An object must have a resultant force acting on it if…

What is the energy source for a wind turbine that is producing electricity? A chemical potential energy of wind B gravitational potential energy of wind C kinetic energy of wind D…

An irregularly shaped piece of aluminium is lowered into a measuring cylinder that contains 43 cm3 of water. The aluminium is totally immersed and the water level rises to 51 cm3.…

An object of mass 5.0 kg falls vertically from rest through a height of 13 m in a vacuum. The gravitational field strength g is 10 N/kg. What is the final speed of the object? A…

For which energy resource is the Sun not the source of the energy? A geothermal B natural gas C water behind a hydroelectric dam D wind

A ball is moving at a speed of 3.0 m/s. The ball now accelerates with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s^2 in the direction that it is moving. What is the speed of the ball 5.0 s…

What is meant by the moment of a force? A the speed of an object moved by a force B the time taken for a force to move an object C the turning effect of a force D the work done by…

A paralympic athlete of mass 70 kg uses a wheelchair of mass 10 kg in a race. What is the kinetic energy of the athlete and wheelchair when they are moving at 6.0 m/s? A 240 J B…

The table shows four sources of energy used to generate electricity. Which row about the energy source is correct? A coal, renewable yes, reliable at all times no B nuclear…

A train travels between two stations X and Y. Fig. 6.1 shows a speed-time graph for the journey (speed/m/s 0-30 vs time/s 0-1200; accelerates, constant speed, then decelerates).…

Fig. 9.1 shows four forces acting on a submarine, moving underwater from right to left (A up, C down, B and D horizontal). State which force A, B, C or D is the weight of the…

A farmer drives his tractor in a field. Fig. 6.1 shows forces J, K, L and M acting on the tractor as it accelerates towards the right (J up, L down, K and M horizontal). State…

Fig. 9.1 shows a skydiver before the parachute opens, with air resistance 760 N upward and force Q downward. The skydiver has a mass of 84 kg. State the name of the force labelled…

Fig. 3.1 shows a sea turtle. On Fig. 3.1, draw an arrow to show the direction of the weight force acting on the sea turtle. Label your arrow with the letter W.

Fig. 6.1 shows an electric pressure-washer washing a car. The pressure-washer pumps water at high pressure through a small nozzle of cross-sectional area 5.0 x 10^-6 m2. The water…

Table 12.1 gives information about six types of power station (energy per kg of fuel/MJ, efficiency/%, percentage of world electricity production): coal (29, 32, 37);…

A meteorite falls to Earth. Fig. 3.1 shows a speed–time graph of the meteorite as it falls. [Fig. 3.1: A speed–time graph showing the meteorite's speed increasing from 0 to a…

A truck engine exerts a driving force of 1500 N. The total resistive force on the truck is 1000 N. Calculate the resultant force on the truck. resultant force = ............. N

A graphite pencil lead has a length of 6.50 cm, a width of 0.200 cm and a height of 0.300 cm. Show that the volume of the pencil lead is 1.95 cm³.

A car brakes to a halt. Fig. 12.1 shows a speed–time graph for the car braking. [Fig. 12.1: Speed–time graph showing speed decreasing linearly from 9.0 m/s to 0 over 6.0 s.] State…

The graph shows how the speed of an object varies with time. The line starts at 2.0 m/s at time 0 s and increases linearly to 8.0 m/s at time 10 s. [Speed-time graph: from (0,…

The weight of an object of mass m is given by the expression mg. Which row gives the units for weight and g? A weight kg, g kg/N B weight kg, g N/kg C weight N, g kg/N D weight N,…

The diagram shows a triangular sheet of metal with sides of length 50 cm, 40 cm and 30 cm. The sheet is free to move about a pivot at the top corner. A cord is attached to the…

A skier starts from rest at P, accelerates down a slope and then comes to rest at Q. [Diagram: skier descending a slope from high point P to low point Q.] Which series of energy…

Two children X and Y pull on a rope in opposite directions. The diagram shows the size of each force and its direction: X pulls with 500 N, Y pulls with 450 N, in opposite…

A boy pulls a nail from a block of wood using a hammer. The boy pulls the hammer with a force of 15 N. The applied force acts at a perpendicular distance of 0.22 m from the pivot;…

Electricity is generated using different sources of energy. Which energy source is non-renewable? A coal B hydroelectric C solar D wind

The diagram shows the speed-time graph for a moving object. The line rises linearly from 0 m/s at time 0 to 20 m/s at time 4.0 s. [Speed-time graph: from (0, 0) to (4.0, 20).]…

The diagram shows a triangular sheet of metal with sides of length 50 cm, 40 cm and 30 cm. The sheet is free to move about a pivot at the top corner. A cord is attached to the…

A machine has useful output energy of 1000 J and wasted energy of 300 J. Which expression is used to calculate the efficiency of the machine? A 300 / (1000 + 300) x 100% B 300 /…

The diagram shows the speed-time graph for an object moving in a straight line. The speed increases (with the gradient steepening) and then becomes constant. [Speed-time graph:…

A uniform beam has a mass of 12 kg and a length of 4.0 m. The beam rests on horizontal ground. One end of the beam is now raised from the ground by a vertical force F. The other…

A solid block of weight 14 N rests on a horizontal table. The pressure on the table due to the block is 70 Pa. What is the area of the surface of the block in contact with the…

Which object is mainly responsible for the energy stored in tides in the sea? A Mars B the Earth C the Moon D the Sun

Cables transmit electrical power. The power input to the cables is constant, but the voltage input is increased. What happens to the power loss from the cables, and what happens…

Fig. 3.1 shows a skier standing on the snow on skis. When she stands on the snow without her skis, she sinks into the snow. When she wears her skis, she can stand on the snow…

Complete the sentences to describe the energy changes that occur during the generation of electricity in a nuclear power station. Nuclear fission releases ............... energy…

The mass of the Sun is 1.97 x 10^30 kg. The average density of the Sun is 1410 kg/m3. Calculate the volume of the Sun.

A spacecraft carrying an astronaut travels 384 000 km from the Earth to the Moon in 78 hours. Calculate the average speed of the spacecraft in km/s.

An oil tanker is carrying petroleum. Petroleum is a non-renewable energy source. Identify the energy sources in Table 12.1 as renewable or non-renewable by placing a tick for each…

An Olympic triathlon event consists of a 1500 m swim, a 40 km cycle ride and a 10 km run. Fig. 3.1 shows an athlete swimming at a constant speed, with forces A (backward) and B…

Fig. 6.1 shows a boiler that uses combustion of natural gas to heat water. Natural gas is a non-renewable energy source. Describe one environmental impact of using natural gas in…

Fig. 3.1 shows a pond skater spreading its weight over its 6 legs to move over the surface of water. The pond skater has a mass of 0.25 g and is stationary on the surface of the…

Fig. 6.1 shows the average power output over a summer's day from a solar panel (power output / kW vs time of day, peaking around midday). State the time at which the power output…

The speed-time graph represents part of a car journey. The speed rises linearly from 10 m/s at time 0 to 18 m/s at time 5 s. [Speed-time graph: from (0, 10) to (5, 18).] How far…

The mass of an empty measuring cylinder is 15 g. Liquid is poured into it and the total mass is now 95 g. The reading on the measuring cylinder is shown as 57 cm3. [Diagram:…

The diagram shows a child of weight 240 N sitting on a see-saw at a distance of 1.6 m from the pivot. [Diagram: see-saw, child 240 N at 1.6 m from pivot.] What is the moment of…

Which two energy sources are both non-renewable? A oil and geothermal resources B oil and natural gas C tides and geothermal resources D tides and wind

The speed-time graph represents part of a car journey. The speed rises linearly from 10 m/s at time 0 to 18 m/s at time 5 s. [Speed-time graph: from (0, 10) to (5, 18).] How far…

A rocket has a mass of 300 kg. Its motors produce a force of 12 000 N vertically upwards. The acceleration of free fall g is 10 m/s^2. What is the resultant force on the rocket…

A uniform metre rule rests on a pivot at the 50 cm mark. A load L is placed at the 30 cm mark and a load of 6.0 N is placed at the 80 cm mark. The arrangement is balanced.…

A hydroelectric energy storage scheme stores energy by pumping water up a mountain into a lake behind a dam. In 1.0 s, 10 000 kg of water is pumped into the lake and gains a…

Fig. 3.1 shows four forces, A, B, C and D, acting on a submarine travelling underwater at a constant depth and at constant speed (A upthrust upward, C weight downward, B…

A cyclist is riding a bicycle around a circular track of length 400 m, completing five laps. The time for each lap is recorded in Table 12.1: lap 1 = 35.3 s, lap 2 = 34.7 s, lap 3…

Nuclear power stations use nuclear fission to generate electricity. The fission of uranium releases thermal energy, used to convert water into steam to drive turbines. State one…

Fig. 6.1 shows a bee collecting pollen from a flower. The maximum speed of a bee is 5.8 m/s. Calculate the maximum distance a bee can travel in 60 seconds.