IGCSE Chemistry (0971) — May–June 2025, Paper 12

40 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · States of matter

Substance L melts at -7 degC and is a brown liquid at room temperature. What is the boiling point of pure L? A -77 degC B -7 degC to +7 degC C 59 degC D 107 degC to 117 degC

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Question 2 · 1 mark · The particulate nature of matter

Which row describes how the volume of a gas changes when its temperature is increased at constant pressure and when its pressure is increased at constant temperature? temperature…

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Question 3 · 1 mark · Diffusion

Nitrogen dioxide is a red-brown gas which is more dense than air. The diagram shows the arrangement of two gas jars which contain nitrogen dioxide and air separated with a glass…

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Question 4 · 1 mark · Elements, compounds and mixtures

Which substance is a mixture of one element and one compound? A aqueous glucose B clean, dry air C oxygen dissolved in distilled water D stainless steel

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Question 5 · 1 mark · Atomic structure and the Periodic Table

Which statement defines the atomic number of an element? A the group number of the element B the mass of one atom of the element C the number of particles in the nucleus of one…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · Isotopes

What is different for isotopes of the same element? A nucleon number B number of electron shells C number of electrons in the outer electron shell D proton number

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Question 7 · 1 mark · Ions and ionic bonds

When sodium chloride is formed from its elements, each chlorine atom ......1...... one ......2...... . Which words correctly complete gaps 1 and 2? 1 2 --- --- --- A gains…

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Question 8 · 1 mark · Simple molecules and covalent bonds

In the molecules CH4, HCl and H2O, which atoms use all of their outer shell electrons in bonding? A C and Cl B C and H C Cl and H D H and O

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Question 9 · 1 mark · Giant covalent structures

Which substance has a giant covalent structure? A sodium chloride B ammonia C magnesium chloride D graphite

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Question 10 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry - structural formulae

The diagrams show the structures of four molecules. The four displayed structural formulae are: molecule 1 is cyclobutane (a four-carbon ring, each carbon bonded to two hydrogens,…

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Stoichiometry - reacting masses

The equation for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen is shown. 2Mg + O2 - 2MgO Which mass of oxygen reacts exactly with 6 g of magnesium? A 2 g B 4 g C 8 g D 16 g

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Electrolysis

The diagram shows a simple electrolytic cell for an electrolysis experiment. A battery (d.c. power supply) is connected to two electrodes dipping into a liquid in a beaker. The…

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells

Which equation represents the overall reaction that produces electricity in a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell? A H2 + O2 - H2O2 B 2H2O - 2H2 + O2 C 2H2 + O2 - 2H2O D 2H2O2 - 2H2O + O2

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Energetics - exothermic and endothermic reactions

Which reaction pathway diagram shows the largest increase in the temperature of the surroundings? (The scale on the y-axis is the same in each diagram.) A an endothermic profile…

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Physical and chemical changes

Which process involves a chemical change? A dissolving copper(II) sulfate B distilling ethanol C freezing water D neutralising copper(II) oxide

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Rate of reaction

The total volume of gas produced in two different experiments is measured against time. A graph of the results of the two experiments is shown. The graph plots total volume of gas…

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Reversible reactions

The equation for the reaction of sulfur dioxide with oxygen is shown. 2SO2 + O2 <= 2SO3 What is meant by the symbol <= ? A redox reaction B reversible reaction C displacement…

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Oxidation and reduction (redox)

Which reactions are redox reactions? 1 the incomplete combustion of propane 2 the rusting of iron 3 the reaction of aqueous chloride ions with acidified aqueous silver nitrate 4…

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Acids, bases and the pH scale

Which row describes an aqueous solution for the pH shown? pH description --- --- --- A 1 has a very high alkalinity B 5 is neutral C 9 turns universal indicator yellow D 14…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Oxides

Which parts of the Periodic Table contain elements that only form basic oxides? A Group I and Period 3 B Group I only C Group VIII and Period 3 D Group VIII only

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Question 21 · 1 mark · The Periodic Table

Which statement about elements in the Periodic Table is correct? A Elements in the same group of the Periodic Table have the same electronic configuration. B The atoms of the…

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Group I properties

Which row identifies the trends in properties of the elements lithium to sodium to potassium? melting point density reactivity --- --- --- --- A decreasing increasing increasing B…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Group VII properties (halogens)

Which statements about the halogens are correct? 1 They are all diatomic molecules. 2 They are all gases at room temperature and pressure. 3 The density of the elements increases…

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Transition elements

Zirconium is a transition element. What is a property of zirconium? A high density B does not conduct heat C forms white compounds only D low melting point

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Group VIII properties (noble gases)

Some gases exist as single atoms, are unreactive and have eight electrons in their outer electron shell. Which gases fit this description? 1 helium 2 argon 3 oxygen 4 krypton A 1,…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Properties of metals

Which statements about metals are correct? 1 Calcium reacts faster than magnesium with cold water. 2 Aluminium is more easily extracted than iron from its ore. 3 Copper reacts…

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Question 27 · 1 mark · Reactivity series

Four metals, P, Q, R and S, are separately reacted with dilute hydrochloric acid. The table shows the observation for each metal. metal observation --- --- P lots of bubbles…

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Question 28 · 1 mark · Rusting of iron

The diagram shows iron nails which are left for one week in separate test-tubes with the conditions shown. Test-tube 1 contains an iron nail in water (open to air). Test-tube 2…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · Alloys

Pure metals can be combined to make alloys. Why are the alloys sometimes used rather than the metals they are made from? A Alloys are easier to extract and cheaper. B Alloys are…

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Question 30 · 1 mark · Composition of air / oxygen content

In the experiment shown, 100 cm3 of clean, dry air is passed backwards and forwards through a tube containing heated copper until there is no further decrease in the volume of the…

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Question 31 · 1 mark · Air quality and pollution

Sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen are gaseous pollutants found in the air. Which pollutants contribute to acid rain? A carbon monoxide and sulfur dioxide B…

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Question 32 · 1 mark · Homologous series

The formulae for three organic compounds are listed. 1 C2H4 2 C4H8 3 C4H10 Which compounds belong to the same homologous series? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 and 3 only D 2 and…

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Question 33 · 1 mark · Fuels / petroleum

Which fuel could be gasoline? A flow chart is shown. The first question is 'Is it obtained from petroleum?'. If yes, it leads to a second question 'Is it used as fuel for cars?'…

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Question 34 · 1 mark · Alkanes and alkenes - reaction with bromine

Three hydrocarbons are separately mixed with aqueous bromine. The three hydrocarbons, shown as displayed formulae, are: methane (CH4, all single bonds), ethane (C2H6, all single…

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Question 35 · 1 mark · Alkenes - addition of steam

Which compound is formed when ethene reacts with steam? A ethane B ethanoic acid C ethanol D poly(ethene)

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Question 36 · 1 mark · Carboxylic acids (ethanoic acid)

Which statements about ethanoic acid are correct? 1 Its aqueous solution has a pH value of 10. 2 It reacts with metal carbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas. 3 It reacts with…

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Question 37 · 1 mark · Polymers / plastics and the environment

Which statement explains why plastic bags made from poly(ethene) accumulate in oceans? A Poly(ethene) is a saturated molecule. B Poly(ethene) is made from hydrocarbon monomers. C…

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Question 38 · 1 mark · Chromatography

Which diagram shows the correct level of solvent at the start of a chromatography experiment? Four diagrams (A-D) each show a beaker containing solvent with a piece of…

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Question 39 · 1 mark · Separation techniques

Which process is used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points? A dissolving B crystallisation C filtration D fractional distillation

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Question 40 · 1 mark · Identification of ions and gases

Four different colourless solutions are each tested separately with aqueous sodium hydroxide and with acidified aqueous silver nitrate. Which row shows the results for sodium…

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