IGCSE Biology (0610) — May–June 2025, Paper 12

40 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · Characteristics and classification of living organisms

When a herbivore sees a carnivore, which characteristic of living things is involved? A excretion B growth C reproduction D sensitivity

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Question 2 · 1 mark · Characteristics and classification of living organisms

Which organism has been named using the binomial system? A Brown seaweed B Polar bear C Red fox D Vulpes vulpes

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Question 3 · 1 mark · Characteristics and classification of living organisms

Which list contains only arthropods? A amphibians, insects, myriapods B arachnids, crustaceans, myriapods C crustaceans, insects, fish D insects, myriapods, reptiles

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Question 4 · 1 mark · Cells

The diagram shows a plant cell. The diagram labels four structures A, B, C and D with leader lines: A points to a structure near the top left of the cell, B points to a structure…

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Question 5 · 1 mark · Cells

The table shows the magnifications and image lengths of three specimens when seen with a light microscope. specimen magnification image length / mm --- --- --- X x50 0.20 Y x150…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · Movement into and out of cells

The diagram represents two liquids separated by a partially permeable membrane. On the left side there are many small circles (water molecules) and on the right side there is a…

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Question 7 · 1 mark · Biological molecules

Small molecules are used to synthesise large food molecules. Which statement is correct? A Amino acids are the basic units of carbohydrates. B Fatty acids are the basic units of…

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Question 8 · 1 mark · Biological molecules

A student used biuret reagent to test milk for the presence of protein. The milk tested positive for protein. Which colour did the sample change to? A blue B blue-black C brick…

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Question 9 · 1 mark · Plant nutrition

Which substances are used for photosynthesis? A carbon dioxide and glucose B carbon dioxide and water C glucose and oxygen D glucose and water

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Question 10 · 1 mark · Plant nutrition

What happens when a plant lacks magnesium ions? chlorophyll production colour of leaves produced --- --- --- A decreases green B decreases yellow C increases green D increases…

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Plant nutrition

The diagram shows part of a cross-section of a leaf. Three regions are bracketed and numbered: region 1 is the single layer of cells at the top surface; region 2 is the layer of…

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Human nutrition

A diet contains a lot of plant material, but no meat. Which dietary component is unlikely to be deficient in this diet? A fat B fibre C protein D vitamin D

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Human nutrition

Which two parts of the mouth are teeth embedded in? A cement and pulp B enamel and dentine C gums and bone D pulp and bone

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Human nutrition

The diagram shows part of the human digestive system. Four structures are labelled with leader lines: D points to the stomach, A points to a region near the stomach/start of the…

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Human nutrition

What is absorbed in the colon and the small intestine? colon small intestine --- --- --- A digested food only digested food and water B digested food only water only C water…

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Transport in plants

The diagram shows the movement of water molecules from a plant leaf to its environment. Two processes are numbered with arrows: process 1 is an arrow showing water moving within…

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Transport in animals

The diagram shows a simplified circulatory system in humans. Four organs are shown in a vertical arrangement connected by arrows showing direction of blood flow: organ A at the…

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Transport in animals

Which blood vessel transports blood from the lungs to the heart? A aorta B pulmonary artery C pulmonary vein D vena cava

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Diseases and immunity

How can the spread of disease be prevented? A leaving food uncovered B only washing hands after meals C using the same equipment to prepare raw and cooked food D washing hands…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Gas exchange in humans

Which substance can be used to test for carbon dioxide? A DCPIP B ethanol C iodine solution D limewater

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Question 21 · 1 mark · Respiration

Which statement is a correct comparison of aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration in yeast? A Only aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide. B Only anaerobic respiration…

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Excretion in humans

The diagram shows some of the organs involved in excretion. Four structures are labelled: A and B point to the two tube-like vessels at the top running down from near the kidneys,…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Coordination and response

A person touches a hot object which stimulates structure P in the skin. This causes an electrical impulse to be sent through structure Q to the central nervous system. Which row…

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Coordination and response

The diagram shows the position of two glands in the body. Gland 1 is labelled sitting on top of a kidney on one side; gland 2 is labelled near the duodenum on the other side. The…

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Coordination and response

A seedling was placed in a horizontal position. Which diagram shows the expected gravitropic responses in the seedling? Each option A-D shows a horizontally-placed seedling with a…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Reproduction

The diagram shows a sperm cell. Four parts are labelled along the cell: A points to the long tail, B points to the mid-piece region just behind the head, C points to the centre of…

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Question 27 · 1 mark · Reproduction

Which secondary sexual characteristic is associated with testosterone? A breast development B facial hair growth C start of the menstrual cycle D widening of hips

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Question 28 · 1 mark · Reproduction

The diagram shows a human menstrual cycle drawn as a circle marked with day 0 at the top, day 7 on the right, day 14 at the bottom, and day 21 on the left. Three points are marked…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · Inheritance

What is an alternative form of a gene called? A allele B chromosome C genotype D protein

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Question 30 · 1 mark · Inheritance

Cystic fibrosis is an inherited condition that occurs when an individual is homozygous for the recessive allele. If both parents are heterozygous for this characteristic, what is…

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Question 31 · 1 mark · Variation and selection

Which characteristic is an example of continuous variation? A ABO blood groups in humans B body mass in cats C seed colour in pea plants D seed shape in pea plants

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Question 32 · 1 mark · Variation and selection

The photograph shows the butterfly Caligo martia. The butterfly has large wings with a mottled brown pattern, and there are two prominent dark circular markings on the lower wings…

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Question 33 · 1 mark · Organisms and their environment

What is the principal source of energy input to biological systems? A kinetic B photosynthesis C respiration D the Sun

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Question 34 · 1 mark · Organisms and their environment

The diagram shows the flow of energy in a food chain. Four organisms A, B, C and D are shown in boxes with arrows representing energy flow between them: energy flows from organism…

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Question 35 · 1 mark · Organisms and their environment

The diagram shows part of the carbon cycle. Boxes are labelled 'carbon dioxide in atmosphere', 'plants', 'animals', and 'waste products and dead organisms'. Four arrows are…

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Question 36 · 1 mark · Organisms and their environment

The diagram shows a population curve plotted as number of individuals in a population against time, forming a sigmoid (S-shaped) curve. Four points are labelled along the curve: A…

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Question 37 · 1 mark · Human influences on ecosystems

The graph shows the percentage of species lost, in three different animal groups, due to different human activities during the last ten years. For each of the three animal groups…

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Question 38 · 1 mark · Biotechnology and genetic modification

Why are bacteria useful in biotechnology and genetic modification? 1 They can make complex molecules. 2 They have a rapid reproduction rate. 3 They have cell walls. A 1, 2 and 3 B…

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Question 39 · 1 mark · Biotechnology and genetic modification

The graph shows how changing the temperature affects the rate of stain removal from clothes, using a biological washing powder. The curve of rate of stain removal against…

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Question 40 · 1 mark · Biotechnology and genetic modification

The flow chart shows some of the processes involved in making biofuel. The stages are: grind up plant biomass to extract K → filter to remove waste → add organism L for anaerobic…

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