AS & A Level Psychology (9990) — May–June 2025, Paper 21

10 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 4 marks · Research methods — self-report (questionnaires)

Describe what is meant by a questionnaire.

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Question 2 · 3 marks · Research methods — ethics (consent); core study: Bandura et al. (aggression)

The study by Bandura et al. (aggression) provides no information about whether or not consent was obtained from the participants. Outline what is meant by 'consent'.

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Question 3 · 4 marks · Research methods — generalisability/sampling; core study: Milgram (obedience)

In the study by Milgram, obedience was tested. Participants with a range of different occupations and ages were used to improve generalisability. Suggest one reason why using…

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Question 4 · 2 marks · Research methods — descriptive statistics (measures of central tendency); core study: Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test)

In the study by Baron-Cohen et al. (eyes test), the ages of all participants were known. The mean and standard deviation of the ages of the participants in Groups 1 and 3 are…

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Question 5 · 2 marks · Research methods — case studies; ethics

Explain one ethical weakness of the case study research method. Do not use consent in your answer.

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Question 6 · 6 marks · Research methods — sampling techniques (opportunity and random)

Describe opportunity sampling and random sampling, using any example(s).

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Question 7 · 9 marks · Research methods — quantitative data; experiments with animals (learning)

Dr Smith wants to compare how easily two species of animal learn to press a lever to receive food. Suggest one way that Dr Smith could produce a quantitative measure of how easily…

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Question 8 · 10 marks · Research methods — validity and reliability of measures

Josie is collecting data from other students in her class to test the hypothesis 'There is a relationship between tidiness of classwork and enjoyment of lessons'. Josie will use…

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Question 9 · 6 marks · Research methods — longitudinal studies (sampling intervals)

Dr Gao is planning a longitudinal study about changes in reading habits. She will study the same group of participants from childhood, through adolescence and into adulthood. Dr…

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Question 10 · 14 marks · Research methods — designing an experiment (independent measures design)

Dr Miller is researching factors that affect how well people sleep. He wants to know whether creative activities (such as art, music or dance) help people to sleep well. Describe…

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