The English legal system — AS & A Level Law (9084) questions by topic

Magistrates, juries, court structure, arrest procedure and legal personnel make up this topic, spanning 73 real questions from 2023 to 2025 papers marked from as little as 1 up to 25.

Identify and explain items ask for named facts, such as detention rights under the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984, while discuss and assess on the longer parts need a balanced weighing of juries against magistrates rather than an unbalanced account favouring one. Submitting a full discuss response for instant marking is a direct way to check that both prosecution and defence positions, or both lay-person systems, have been given comparable space, a balance the reports say is often missing.

What examiners look for

May–June 2025, Paper 11

Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two courts which hear criminal appeals from the Magistrates' Court. [2]

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Question 3 · 6 marks

Describe three roles of the Law Commission. [6]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe three types of work carried out by legal executives. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the disadvantages of arbitration as a method of dispute resolution. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

Explain how the members of a jury are vetted and challenged. [10]

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May–June 2025, Paper 12

Question 1 · 1 mark

Identify one court which hears civil appeals. [1]

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Question 3 · 6 marks

Describe three rights detainees must be informed of when they arrive at the police station. [6]

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Question 6 · 25 marks

Explain the role of a solicitor. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

Explain how the police make the decision to release suspects on bail or remand them in custody. [10]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

Explain the jurisdiction of the Magistrates' Court in the criminal justice system. [10]

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May–June 2025, Paper 13

Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two courts which hear criminal appeals from the Magistrates' Court. [2]

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Question 3 · 6 marks

Describe three roles of the Law Commission. [6]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe three types of work carried out by legal executives. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the disadvantages of arbitration as a method of dispute resolution. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

Explain how the members of a jury are vetted and challenged. [10]

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May–June 2024, Paper 11

Question 1 · 2 marks

Identify the two divisions of the Court of Appeal. [2]

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Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two types of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). [2]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe three reasons why a judge might excuse or defer a person from serving on a jury. [6]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

Explain how the police should make a lawful arrest without a warrant. [10]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

Explain how lay magistrates are selected. [10]

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May–June 2024, Paper 12

Question 1 · 2 marks

Identify two bodies which regulate the conduct of barristers or solicitors. [2]

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Question 3 · 5 marks

Identify five conditions which might be imposed on a defendant who is granted bail. [5]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe two types of challenge to potential jurors in the Crown Court. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the advantages of using lay magistrates in the criminal justice system. [10]

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Question 6 · 25 marks

Explain what is meant by judicial independence. [10]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

Explain how civil cases are allocated for trial. [10]

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May–June 2024, Paper 13

Question 1 · 1 mark

Identify the most senior court in the English legal system.

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Question 3 · 5 marks

Identify five types of judges.

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October–November 2024, Paper 11

Question 1 · 2 marks

Identify two courts which deal with civil cases. [2]

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Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two reasons for an appeal in the criminal courts. [2]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Explain the difference between inquisitorial and adversarial trials. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the disadvantages of using lay magistrates. [10]

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Question 6 · 25 marks

Explain negotiation and mediation. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

Explain the process required to appoint a judge in the Supreme Court. [10]

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October–November 2024, Paper 12

Question 3 · 6 marks

Describe the jurisdiction of three criminal courts. [6]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe two stages in the training of barristers. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the disadvantages for a defendant who chooses to have a triable either way offence heard in the Crown Court. [10]

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Question 6 · 25 marks

Describe the training of lay magistrates. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

Explain what is meant by the rule of law. [10]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

Explain how the police should conduct a lawful stop and search. [10]

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October–November 2024, Paper 13

Question 1 · 2 marks

Identify two courts which deal with civil cases. [2]

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Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two reasons for an appeal in the criminal courts. [2]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Explain the difference between inquisitorial and adversarial trials. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the disadvantages of using lay magistrates. [10]

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Question 6 · 25 marks

Explain negotiation and mediation. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

Explain the process required to appoint a judge in the Supreme Court. [10]

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May–June 2023, Paper 11

Question 1 · 2 marks

Identify one criminal offence and one category of civil law. [2]

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Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two types of case a Magistrate might hear. [2]

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Question 3 · 5 marks

Identify five rights of a suspect detained at a police station. [5]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe two tracks to which cases might be allocated in the civil courts. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the advantages of the selection of judges by the Judicial Appointments Commission (JAC). [10]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

(a) Describe the different ways in which the prosecution and defence can appeal a decision of the Crown Court. [10]

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May–June 2023, Paper 12

Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two roles of a barrister. [2]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe the three classifications of criminal offences. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the disadvantages of using lay people as jurors and magistrates in the criminal justice system. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

(a) Describe the rights of a suspect detained at a police station. [10]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

(a) Explain how inferior judges are selected and appointed. [10]

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May–June 2023, Paper 13

Question 3 · 5 marks

Identify five roles of a solicitor. [5]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the advantages of jury trial in the Crown Court. [10]

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Question 7 · 25 marks

(a) Explain arbitration as an alternative method of dispute resolution. [10]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

(a) Describe the qualifications and appointment process for lay magistrates. [10]

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October–November 2023, Paper 11

Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two bodies which regulate solicitors. [2]

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Question 3 · 5 marks

Identify five of the key qualities required to become a magistrate. [5]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe the role of three civil courts. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the advantages of alternative methods of dispute resolution (ADR). [10]

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October–November 2023, Paper 12

Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two bodies which regulate barristers. [2]

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Question 3 · 5 marks

Identify five requirements of a valid stop and search by a police officer. [5]

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Question 8 · 25 marks

Explain the qualifications and role of jurors in a criminal trial. [10]

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October–November 2023, Paper 13

Question 1 · 2 marks

Identify one legal rule and one moral belief. [2]

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Question 2 · 2 marks

Identify two bodies which regulate solicitors. [2]

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Question 3 · 5 marks

Identify five of the key qualities required to become a magistrate. [5]

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Question 4 · 6 marks

Describe the role of three civil courts. [6]

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Question 5 · 10 marks

Discuss the advantages of alternative methods of dispute resolution (ADR). [10]

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