AS & A Level History (9489) — October–November 2023, Paper 42

Assess the view that Mussolini’s political skill was the most important reason for his rise to power by 1922. [30]

‘Stalin’s fear of being overthrown was the main reason for the purges.’ Assess this view. [30]

Assess the impact of Nazi policies towards the German workers in the period 1933–39. [30]

Evaluate the reasons for the limited impact of political extremism in Britain during the 1930s. [30]

‘White opposition to the civil rights movement was caused mainly by economic concerns.’ Evaluate this claim. [30]

Assess the political impact of the mass media in the 1960s and 1970s. [30]

Assess the reasons for continuing Affirmative Action policies in the 1980s. [30]

‘The US was more responsible than the USSR for the Cuban Missile Crisis.’ Assess this view. [30]

‘The USSR’s involvement in Afghanistan was the main reason for the collapse of the Soviet system.’ Assess this view. [30]

‘The People’s Republic of China entered the Korean War primarily to save communism in North Korea.’ Discuss this view. [30]

Analyse the effects of dependence on ex-colonial trading partners on newly independent African nations. [30]

Assess how far Yasser Arafat’s tactics for achieving a Palestinian state changed in the period up to 1979. [30]