AS & A Level Geography (9696) — May–June 2025, Paper 31

Fig. 1.1 shows a transect (A–B) showing the depth of weathered granite in northern Nigeria. Describe variations in the depth of weathered granite shown in Fig. 1.1.

Using a case study of either a rainforest ecosystem or a savanna ecosystem, evaluate attempted solutions to the problems of its sustainable management.

'Humid tropical and seasonally humid tropical environments have similar diurnal variations in their climates.' How far do you agree with this statement?

Fig. 4.1 shows changes to East Head spit, Sussex, UK, 1786–2005. Describe changes to the position of East Head spit shown in Fig. 4.1.

To what extent do sediment sources and characteristics vary in coastal environments?

Assess the effectiveness of hard engineering and soft engineering in sustainably managing a stretch or stretches of coastline.

Fig. 7.1 shows the frequency of Atlantic hurricanes, 1920–2020. Compare the pattern of major hurricane frequency with the pattern of non-major hurricane frequency shown in Fig.…

Assess the effectiveness of different methods of managing volcanic hazards.

'Human activity is the most significant cause of mass movements.' How far do you agree with this view?

Fig. 10.1 is a photograph which shows a hot arid landscape in Egypt. Describe the main physical features of the landscape shown in Fig. 10.1.

Evaluate the role of human factors and natural factors in the process of desertification.

To what extent is aridity caused by pressure and wind systems?