AS & A Level Chemistry (9701) — May–June 2025, Paper 43

10 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 7 marks · Group 2: thermal decomposition of carbonates

Both calcium carbonate, CaCO3, and barium carbonate, BaCO3, decompose when heated to form the metal oxide and a gas. Write an equation for the thermal decomposition of CaCO3.

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Question 2 · 10 marks · Kinetics: rate equation, units of k, calculation of concentration and rate

Three experiments are carried out to investigate the reaction of nitrogen oxide, NO, with chlorine. 2NO + Cl2 → 2NOCl The rate equation for this reaction is: rate = k[NO]²[Cl2]…

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Question 3 · 13 marks · Solubility product: Ksp expression, solubility calculation, common ion effect

Chromium(III) hydroxide, Cr(OH)3, is only slightly soluble in water. The value of the solubility product, Ksp, of Cr(OH)3 is 1.0 × 10⁻³³ at 298 K. (i) Complete the expression for…

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Question 4 · 8 marks · Lattice energy: hydration enthalpy, lattice energy definitions, Born–Haber cycle, enthalpy of solution

Table 4.1 gives the enthalpy changes of hydration, ΔHhyd, of three ions, F⁻, K⁺ and Ca²⁺. Table 4.1: ion ΔHhyd / kJ mol⁻¹ F⁻ −506 K⁺ −322 Ca²⁺ −1650 (i) Define enthalpy change of…

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Question 5 · 15 marks · Transition elements: electronic configuration, variable oxidation states

Copper is a transition element. (i) Complete the electronic configurations of a Cu⁺ ion and a Cu²⁺ ion. Cu⁺ ion: [Ar] ... Cu²⁺ ion: [Ar] ... (ii) Explain why transition elements…

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Question 6 · 8 marks · Transition elements: complex ion formulae, colour, dative covalent bonding

Iron forms complex ions with the monodentate ligand, CN⁻. Complex ion A contains one Fe³⁺ ion and six CN⁻ ligands. Complex ion B contains one Fe²⁺ ion and six CN⁻ ligands. (i)…

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Question 7 · 11 marks · Arenes: naming disubstituted benzene derivatives

A hydrocarbon is known to be either compound D or compound E. D is 1,2-diethylbenzene (a benzene ring with two CH2CH3 groups at positions 1 and 2). E is 1,3-diethylbenzene (a…

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Question 8 · 11 marks · Arenes: electrophilic substitution, halogenation, mechanism, directing effects

Bromine reacts with methylbenzene in the dark in the presence of a suitable catalyst to form HBr and compound L, C7H7Br. L is one of three isomers that can form in this reaction.…

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Question 9 · 10 marks · Amines: preparation, reduction of nitroarenes and amides/nitriles, distinguishing tests

Phenylamine, C6H5NH2, and propylamine, CH3CH2CH2NH2, can be produced by different reduction reactions. (i) Identify an organic compound that can be converted into C6H5NH2 by a…

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Question 10 · 7 marks · Carboxylic acids: structure of ethanedioic acid

Propanoic acid, methanoic acid and ethanedioic acid are all weak acids. Draw the displayed formula of ethanedioic acid.

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