AS & A Level Chemistry (9701) — May–June 2025, Paper 21

6 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 11 marks · Chemical bonding: metallic bonding; ionic bonding

(i) Name the type of bonding in sodium. Name the type of bonding in sodium oxide. (ii) Explain how solid sodium conducts electricity. (iii) Explain why sodium oxide conducts…

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Question 2 · 11 marks · Atomic structure: isotopes

Define the term isotopes.

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Question 3 · 10 marks · Reaction kinetics: Boltzmann distribution; catalysis

(i) On the axes of Fig. 3.1, sketch the Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies for H2 at a higher temperature than T. (ii) Explain why increasing temperature increases the…

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Question 4 · 9 marks · Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry: empirical formula

Deduce the empirical formula of vitamin C (molecular formula C6H8O6).

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Question 5 · 12 marks · Organic chemistry: esters; hydrolysis

Draw the structure of compound A (which hydrolyses to give malonic acid HOOCCH2COOH and 2 mol ethanol CH3CH2OH).

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Question 6 · 7 marks · Organic chemistry: carbonyl compounds; functional groups

State the functional group in ethanal, propanal and propanone.

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