IGCSE Physics (0972) — May–June 2025, Paper 22

40 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - measurement of physical quantities

Which instrument is most suitable to determine the volume of a small irregularly shaped stone? A 30 cm ruler B digital timer C measuring cylinder D tape measure

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Question 2 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - motion (free fall)

A steel ball is dropped from the top floor of a building. Air resistance can be ignored. Which statement describes the motion of the ball? A The ball falls with constant…

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Question 3 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - motion (acceleration from velocity-time graph)

The diagram shows a velocity-time graph for an object which is accelerating. The graph is a straight line starting at velocity 20 m/s when time = 0 s and rising to 120 m/s at time…

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Question 4 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - mass and weight

Diagram 1 shows a piece of flexible material that contains many pockets of air. Diagram 2 shows the same piece of flexible material after it has been compressed so that its volume…

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Question 5 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - density

A student determines the density of copper. She has a rectangular block of copper. Which other apparatus does she need? (key: tick = needed, cross = not needed) balance ruler…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - forces (Hooke's law and Newton's second law)

A 0.15 kg mass is suspended from a vertical spring. The mass is pulled downwards until the spring has extended by 12 cm from its unstretched length. The spring constant of the…

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Question 7 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - momentum

A cricket ball of mass 0.15 kg is moving at a speed of 30 m/s. The diagram shows a batsman holding a bat stationary as the ball hits the bat and bounces back at the same speed in…

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Question 8 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - energy (kinetic and gravitational potential energy)

A stone is thrown vertically upwards at a speed of 5.0 m/s. All of the energy initially in the kinetic store of the stone is transferred to its gravitational potential store when…

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Question 9 · 1 mark · Motion, forces and energy - energy resources

Three energy resources are listed. 1 geothermal 2 wind 3 nuclear fuel Which resources get their energy from the Sun? A 1, 2 and 3 B 1 and 2 only C 1 only D 2 only

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Question 10 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - states of matter

A sample of a substance has a shape that is determined by its container. What are the possible states of this sample? A gas, liquid and solid B gas and liquid only C gas and solid…

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - kinetic particle model (Brownian motion)

A stationary smoke particle is hit by a fast-moving nitrogen molecule. Which row describes the motion of the smoke particle and of the nitrogen molecule after the collision? smoke…

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - gases and the absolute scale of temperature (pressure-volume relationship)

A bubble of gas rises from the bottom of a lake to the top. The table shows readings of the gas pressure inside the bubble and the volume of the bubble. The temperature of the…

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases

The diagram shows a glass flask sealed with a small volume of mercury in a glass tube. When the flask is gently warmed, the mercury rises up the tube. What is the main cause of…

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - specific heat capacity

The diagram shows the equipment used in an experiment to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal. In the experiment, a heater is switched on for t s and the increase in…

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - thermal conduction

The diagram shows four rods. Each rod is made of a different metal. The four rods cross at a central point X. The rods are: brass (end P), copper (end Q), silver (end S) and iron…

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - thermal radiation

Three solid copper spheres, X, Y and Z, are heated to the same temperature. sphere diameter colour of surface -------- ---------- ------------------- X 2d black Y d white Z 2d…

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Waves - general properties of waves (diffraction)

Which wave will diffract the most when passing through a gap that is 0.85 m wide? wave speed / (m/s) wave frequency / Hz --- -------------------- --------------------- A 300 280 B…

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Waves - general properties of waves (amplitude)

The diagram shows a transverse wave drawn as displacement against distance. Four labelled arrows are shown: A is a vertical double-headed arrow from a crest down to a trough (full…

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Waves - general properties of waves (transverse and longitudinal waves)

Which row describes a seismic S-wave? type of wave direction of vibration --- -------------- ------------------------ A longitudinal parallel to the direction of travel of the…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Waves - light (reflection in a plane mirror)

The image of an object is formed by a plane mirror. Which row gives the correct properties of the image? real or virtual distance of the image from the mirror ---…

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Question 21 · 1 mark · Waves - light (refraction and refractive index)

A ray of light, travelling in air, is incident on an air-glass boundary. The angles between the incident ray, the refracted ray and the boundary are shown. The incident ray (in…

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Waves - light (converging lens and image formation)

A small object O is placed near a converging lens, as shown. The lens forms an image I. The ray diagram shows object O close to the lens (between the lens and its principal…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Waves - electromagnetic spectrum (speed of light)

What is the approximate speed of light in air? A 300 m/s B 300 km/s C 3.0 x 10^8 m/s D 3.0 x 10^8 km/s

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Waves - sound (ultrasound and echo depth sounding)

A ship sends an ultrasound pulse to the seabed to measure the depth of the sea. The speed of ultrasound waves in sea water is 1500 m/s. The pulse takes 4.6 seconds to travel to…

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Waves - sound (range of human hearing)

A dolphin has a range of audible frequencies of 150 Hz - 150 kHz. Which range of frequencies can be heard both by humans with good hearing and by dolphins? A 20 Hz - 150 Hz B 20…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electric charge (electrostatic induction)

A positively charged balloon is placed against a wall. The charge makes the balloon stick to the wall. Which statement explains this? A Positive charges on the balloon attract…

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Question 27 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electrical quantities (measuring resistance, ammeter and voltmeter connection)

A student is trying to determine the resistance of a lamp. He sets up the incorrect circuit shown. The circuit shows a cell connected in a single series loop with a voltmeter (V),…

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Question 28 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electrical quantities (resistance, length and cross-sectional area)

A metallic wire X has a resistance. What is the difference in resistance for a wire of the same material as X that is: - shorter than X but the same diameter - the same length as…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electric circuits (potential divider)

The diagram shows the circuit for a potential divider. A cell is connected across two resistors R1 and R2 in series. The output V1 is measured across R1 and the output V2 is…

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Question 30 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electric circuits (diode and rectification)

Which electrical device is used to convert a.c. to d.c.? A diode B relay C thermistor D transformer

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Question 31 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electric circuits (parallel circuits and current)

A cell is connected to a parallel combination of a 2.0 ohm resistor and a 4.0 ohm resistor. The current in the 4.0 ohm resistor is 1.0 A. The diagram shows a cell connected to two…

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Question 32 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electromagnetic effects (magnetic field around a current-carrying wire)

When there is an electric current in a long straight wire, a magnetic field is created around the wire. Which diagram shows the correct pattern and direction of magnetic field…

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Question 33 · 1 mark · Electricity and magnetism - electromagnetic effects (transformer equations)

The primary voltage supplied to a transformer is 3.0 V. The secondary voltage is 5.0 V and the secondary current is 2.0 A. The transformer is 100% efficient. What is the primary…

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Question 34 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - the nuclear model of the atom (alpha-particle scattering)

When a thin gold foil is bombarded with alpha particles, some alpha particles are deflected through large angles. Which statement explains this deflection? A Most of the atom…

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Question 35 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - radioactivity (background radiation and corrected count rate)

A detector near a radioactive source shows a reading of 2000 counts/minute. How is the corrected count rate determined? A by moving the detector closer to the source B by placing…

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Question 36 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - radioactivity (properties of alpha, beta and gamma radiation)

Which statement about alpha, beta and gamma radiation is not correct? A Alpha particles are deflected most in an electric field. B Beta particles are deflected most in a magnetic…

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Question 37 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - radioactivity (half-life)

A sample of a radioactive material has a half-life of 20 minutes. Which statement is correct? A After 30 minutes, less than half of the material has decayed. B After 40 minutes,…

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Question 38 · 1 mark · Space physics - the Solar System (orbital periods of Earth and Moon)

Which statement is correct? A The Earth orbits the Sun once in approximately 24 hours. B The Earth orbits the Moon once in approximately 1 week. C The Moon orbits the Earth once…

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Question 39 · 1 mark · Space physics - stars and the Universe (nuclear fusion in stars)

Stars are powered by nuclear reactions that release energy. Which statement describes the nuclear reaction in stable stars? A Nuclear fission converts helium into hydrogen. B…

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Question 40 · 1 mark · Space physics - stars and the Universe (Hubble constant and recession velocity)

A galaxy is moving away from the Earth at a velocity of 3000 km/s. What is the distance between the Earth and the galaxy? A 7.3 x 10^-25 m B 7.3 x 10^-22 m C 1.4 x 10^21 m D 1.4 x…

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