IGCSE Physics (0625) — May–June 2025, Paper 23

40 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · General physics - measurement of physical quantities

Which quantity can be measured using a ruler? A the distance travelled by a toy train in one second B the temperature of a toy train C the time taken for a toy train to travel one…

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Question 2 · 1 mark · Motion - speed and velocity

A car is driven from one town to another town along a road that is not straight. The driver of the car divides the total distance travelled by the total time taken. Which quantity…

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Question 3 · 1 mark · Motion - speed-time graphs

Which quantity can be determined from the area under a speed-time graph? A acceleration B distance C speed D velocity

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Question 4 · 1 mark · Forces - mass, weight and gravitational field

Students are asked for a statement about the weight of an object. Three of the statements are listed. 1 The weight is the quantity of matter in the object. 2 The weight is the…

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Question 5 · 1 mark · General physics - density and volume

Samples of three different liquids have equal masses. The volumes of the samples are 190 cm^3, 200 cm^3 and 235 cm^3. The liquids are poured into a large measuring cylinder and…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · Forces - resultant force and motion

A car moves along a level road. The diagram shows all of the horizontal forces acting on the car: an air resistance force of 800 N pointing backwards (to the left), a friction…

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Question 7 · 1 mark · Forces - circular motion

A car is travelling around a circular track at a constant speed, as shown. The diagram shows the car on the circular track with four labelled direction arrows: A points outward…

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Question 8 · 1 mark · Momentum - conservation of momentum

A railway truck of mass 8000 kg moves with a velocity of 1.0 m/s to the right. It collides with a railway truck of mass 12 000 kg moving at 2.0 m/s to the left. The two trucks…

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Question 9 · 1 mark · Energy - gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy

A stone is dropped from a bridge which is 22 m above a river. What is the speed of the stone when it hits the water? A 15 m/s B 21 m/s C 220 m/s D 430 m/s

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Question 10 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - states of matter and the particle model

Which row describes the particle structure of a gas? distance between the particles motion of the particles --- --- --- A close together vibrating B close together random C far…

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - gas pressure and temperature

The particles of a gas in a container of fixed volume gain energy in the kinetic store. Which effect does this have on the gas? A Both the pressure and the temperature of the gas…

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - kinetic model of gas pressure

Gas particles exert a pressure when they collide with the walls of a container. Which statement about the gas particles is correct? A They experience a change in force, which…

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - changes of state

A solid changes into a liquid. Which term describes this change in state? A boiling B condensation C freezing D melting

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - specific heat capacity (experiment)

The diagram shows some of the apparatus used to determine the specific heat capacity of a metal block. A battery is connected through an ammeter to a heater inside a metal block;…

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - thermal radiation (emission)

Four different surfaces are at the same high temperature. Which surface emits thermal radiation at the slowest rate? colour of surface texture of surface surface area / cm^2 ---…

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Thermal physics - thermal energy transfer and equilibrium

An object has a constant temperature. Which statement is correct? A There is no energy transfer to or from the object. B The rate at which the object receives energy is the same…

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Waves - transverse and longitudinal waves

Which row correctly describes light waves? wave type direction of vibration --- --- --- A longitudinal parallel to direction of wave travel B longitudinal perpendicular to…

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Waves - diffraction

A narrow beam of light consists of two waves of different wavelengths. The beam of light hits a sharp edge. Which effect will be seen beyond the sharp edge? A Both waves continue…

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Light - reflection and plane mirrors

An object is placed 30 cm in front of a plane mirror. Which statement describes the image of the object? A The image is the same size as the object and 30 cm from the object. B…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Light - total internal reflection and critical angle

Which statement about total internal reflection at a glass-air boundary is correct? A The angle of incidence inside the glass must be equal to the critical angle. B The angle of…

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Question 21 · 1 mark · Waves - electromagnetic spectrum (speed in vacuum)

What is the speed of radio waves in a vacuum and what is the speed of gamma rays in a vacuum? speed of radio waves speed of gamma rays --- --- --- A less than 3.0 x 10^8 m/s less…

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Sound - echoes and speed of sound

A student makes a sound in front of a large wall. She hears an echo at time t after making the sound. The speed of sound in air is v. Which expression is used to calculate the…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Sound - longitudinal waves (compressions and rarefactions)

What is a compression? A a point in a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are close together B a point in a longitudinal wave where the particles of the medium are…

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Magnetism - magnetic fields and field lines

Which row describes the magnetic field around a weak magnet? direction of field spacing of field lines --- --- --- A north pole to south pole close together B north pole to south…

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Electricity - resistance, length and cross-sectional area

A 0.60 m length of resistance wire with a diameter of 0.25 mm has a resistance of 6.0 ohm. A second piece of resistance wire of the same material with a diameter of 0.50 mm also…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Electricity - electrical energy and power

A circuit contains a cell with an electromotive force (e.m.f.) of 2.0 V. The current in the circuit is 2.0 A. How much energy is transferred by the cell in 2.0 minutes? A 2.0 J B…

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Question 27 · 1 mark · Electricity - electromotive force

What is the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of a cell? A the charge that passes through the cell per unit time B the energy supplied per unit charge as charge passes through the cell…

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Question 28 · 1 mark · Electricity - series and parallel circuits

Four lamps and four switches are connected to a power supply, as shown. When all the switches are closed, all the lamps are lit. When one of the switches is then opened, only one…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · Electricity - mains electricity, fuses and switches (safety)

In which mains electric wires are the fuse and the switch placed? fuse switch --- --- --- A earth live B live live C live neutral D neutral neutral

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Question 30 · 1 mark · Electromagnetic induction - induced current and force on a conductor

The diagram shows a wire moving downwards in a magnetic field between two magnetic poles (N pole on the left, S pole on the right, so the field points from N to S, i.e. from left…

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Question 31 · 1 mark · Electromagnetic induction - a.c. generator

When the generator shown rotates, there is an a.c. electromotive force (e.m.f.) across the resistor between points P and Q. Diagram 1 shows the position of the coil at time t = 0…

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Question 32 · 1 mark · Electromagnetic effects - d.c. motor and split-ring commutator

What is the purpose of the split-ring commutator in an electric motor? A to ensure that the magnetic field in the motor changes direction every half rotation B to ensure that the…

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Question 33 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - properties of alpha and beta particles

A beta particle has less mass than an alpha particle, but the speed of a beta particle emitted during radioactive decay is approximately 20 times greater than the speed of an…

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Question 34 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - the nuclear atom (alpha-scattering)

Which observation provides evidence for the nuclear atom? A attraction of opposite charges B emission of gamma-rays during the decay of a radioactive nuclide C scattering of…

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Question 35 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - effects of ionising radiation on living things

Which effect on living things is not caused by ionising radiation? A cancer B cell death C infection D mutation

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Question 36 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - radioactivity and unstable nuclei

Isotope X is radioactive. Which statement about X must be correct? A A nucleus of X is unstable. B X emits alpha-particles. C X emits beta-particles. D X emits gamma-radiation.

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Question 37 · 1 mark · Nuclear physics - half-life and background radiation

An experiment is done to measure the radiation from a radioactive source. The source has a half-life of 10 minutes. The source is placed close to a detector that is connected to a…

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Question 38 · 1 mark · Space physics - the Earth and the Solar System (apparent motion of the Sun)

In which direction does the Sun appear to move every day, when viewed from the Earth? A east to west B north to south C south to north D west to east

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Question 39 · 1 mark · Space physics - Hubble's law and the expanding Universe

A distant galaxy is moving away from the Milky Way at 4 400 000 m/s. What is the approximate distance between the Milky Way and this distant galaxy? A 2 x 10^12 m B 5 x 10^11 m C…

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Question 40 · 1 mark · Space physics - orbits and gravitational field strength

The orbit of Mercury is closer to the Sun than the orbit of the Earth is to the Sun. How do the values of the gravitational field strength of the Sun near Mercury and the orbital…

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