IGCSE History - American (0409) — May–June 2025, Paper 01

Between 1754 and 1789, the United States emerged as an independent nation. What was achieved under the Articles of Confederation?

The borders of the United States changed several times before 1853. Describe the reasons why the United States declared war on Britain in 1812.

Native Americans experienced many challenges during the nineteenth century. Describe the events of the Battle of Wounded Knee in 1890.

Relations between North and South were poor for much of the nineteenth century. What was the Compromise of 1850?

The economic expansion in the second half of the nineteenth century brought benefits and problems. Describe the ideas of populism in the second half of the nineteenth century.

Many people migrated to the United States in the second half of the nineteenth century, but they were not always welcome. Describe the experiences of Japanese immigrants in Hawaii…

The United States faced many problems in the period from 1890 to 1920. Describe the ideas and activities of the Industrial Workers of the World ("the Wobblies") in the early…

The "boom" of the 1920s did not benefit everyone in the United States. Describe the problems that faced traditional industries in the 1920s.

Hoover and Roosevelt reacted to the Great Depression in different ways. What was "buying on margin" in the 1920s?

The efforts of individuals were important in improving the lives of African Americans. What were the Jim Crow laws?

The relationship between the United States and the Soviet Union changed several times in the period from 1945 to 1985. What was agreed at the Potsdam Conference in July–August…

From the 1950s to the 1970s the United States faced several serious challenges. What was the oil crisis of 1972–73?