IGCSE History (0977) — October–November 2024, Paper 11

Italy faced many difficulties before it achieved unification. Describe relations between Austria and the Italian states by early 1848.

Early attempts to establish a united German state failed. Describe Frederick William IV's attitude towards revolutionary events in Prussia in 1848.

Before the American Civil War, tensions between slave and free states increased. What was abolitionism?

Many factors contributed to the growth of tension between the Great Powers in the years before the First World War. What was the Black Hand?

The League of Nations struggled to achieve all of its aims. What was the League of Nations' Slavery Commission?

Hitler became convinced that he could achieve his aims in foreign policy. What were the terms of the Nazi–Soviet Pact?

The Cuban Missile Crisis was a serious threat to world peace. Who was Fidel Castro?

The Soviet Union had a difficult task in maintaining control over Eastern Europe. Describe events in Gdansk in August 1980.

The start of the First World War did not go according to plan for Germany. What was the Schlieffen Plan?

The war was fought on many fronts. What was meant by the term 'unrestricted U-boat warfare'?

The Weimar Republic faced many challenges and enjoyed some successes. Who was Friedrich Ebert?

The Nazi regime had firm ideas about how society should be structured. Describe Hitler's vision of the 'perfect' family.

The Provisional Government inherited a difficult situation in 1917. What happened during the July Days?

Stalin's policies changed Soviet society and the economy. What were the aims for industry of the Five-Year Plans?

American society in the 1920s seemed to be tolerant in some ways but intolerant in others. Describe the development of leisure activities in the 1920s.

Some Americans questioned the effectiveness of the New Deal. Describe measures taken by the New Deal to help farmers.

Germany had successes in the early part of the war. Describe Germany's invasion of France.

Civilians across Europe faced many hardships during the war. Describe the Allied bombing of German cities in 1943–45.