IGCSE History (0470) — October–November 2024, Paper 12

Much of Europe was under threat from revolution in 1848. Describe the attitude of Pope Pius IX to revolutionary events in Italy in 1848.

Many factors contributed to the unification of Germany. What was the purpose of the Zollverein?

Tensions between Northern and Southern states of the USA erupted into war in 1861. What was the 'Slave Power'?

In the years before 1914, relations between European powers grew increasingly tense. What were the aims of the Triple Alliance?

The League of Nations faced many humanitarian and peacekeeping challenges. Describe the actions taken by the League of Nations to improve working conditions.

Hitler established a clear set of aims for his foreign policy. Describe the main features of Hitler's foreign policy from 1933 to 1935.

The outbreak of the Korean War tested the American policy of containment. Describe events in Korea between June and September 1950.

Objections in East European states to Soviet control met with resistance. Describe the impact of the building of the Berlin Wall on the people of Berlin.

Both sides tried many ways to achieve a breakthrough on the Western Front. Describe the use of aircraft on the Western Front.

The war had an impact on civilians in many different ways. What were 'conscientious objectors'?

Germany faced difficult times in the aftermath of the First World War. Describe the effects of hyperinflation on the German people.

Germany's economy and society were put under strain as the Second World War progressed. What was autarky?

Despite rising discontent in the years up to 1905, the Tsarist regime survived. What happened on the battleship Potemkin in 1905?

Many factors contributed to Stalin's ability to achieve and maintain control over the USSR. What was Trotsky's idea of Permanent Revolution?

The boom brought advantages for some Americans but did not benefit all. What methods were used to encourage Americans to buy consumer goods?

Although the New Deal attempted to address many problems, it faced criticism. Describe measures introduced by the New Deal to help the unemployed.

Hitler's conquest of most of mainland Europe was rapid. What was Operation Barbarossa?

Civilians across the world suffered as a result of war. Describe Malayan resistance to occupation by the Japanese.