IGCSE History (0470) — May–June 2024, Paper 13

After the setbacks of 1848–49, Italian unification was eventually achieved. Describe Mazzini’s activities before 1848.

German unification was one of the most important developments of the nineteenth century. Describe Denmark’s relations with Austria and Prussia in 1863–64.

The years after Lincoln’s election as president were eventful. Describe Sherman’s ‘March to the Sea’.

Imperialism often led to wars and rebellions. What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris (1898)?

The Big Three wanted different things from the peace negotiations. What happened to Germany’s armed forces in the Treaty of Versailles?

During the 1930s many countries had to react to the policies of Germany. Describe Italian involvement in the Spanish Civil War.

The years after the Second World War saw the beginnings of the Cold War. Describe developments in Czechoslovakia in the years from 1945 to 1948.

The Soviet Union kept Eastern Europe under its control for several decades. What was the Berlin Wall?

The First World War was fought across the world. Describe the main developments in the war in German East Africa.

The First World War came to an end in 1918. What were the terms of the Armistice?

The Weimar Republic faced many problems. Describe Stresemann’s foreign policy.

By 1932 Hitler and the Nazi Party had made much progress. What were the main points in the Nazi Party programme in the early 1920s?

War played an important part in Russian history at the beginning of the twentieth century. Describe the impact of the First World War on the lives of the Russian people.

Stalin ensured that his hold on power was a strong one. Describe the visible signs around the USSR of Stalin’s cult of personality.

Hoover and Roosevelt had different ideas about how the United States should be governed. What was buying ‘on the margin’?

Opinion in the United States over Roosevelt and the New Deal was divided. What was the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)?

Germany had some startling successes at the beginning of the Second World War. What was the Vichy government?

The experiences of civilians differed widely during the Second World War. Describe how the British tried to protect themselves from the effects of the Blitz.