IGCSE History (0470) — October–November 2023, Paper 43

How important was the trench system on the Western Front as a cause of stalemate? Explain your answer. [40]

How significant were shortages on the German Home Front as a reason for revolution towards the end of 1918? Explain your answer. [40]

How important was their ideology as a reason for the Nazis' lack of electoral success before 1930? Explain your answer. [40]

How significant was Himmler to the Nazis in dealing with opposition after 1933? Explain your answer. [40]

How important were opposition parties as a reason for instability in Russia by 1914? Explain your answer. [40]

How significant was Trotsky's leadership of the Red Army as a reason for Bolshevik victory in the Russian Civil War? Explain your answer. [40]

How important were falling prices as a reason why farmers struggled in the USA in the 1920s? Explain your answer. [40]

How significant was religion as a reason for the introduction of Prohibition in 1920? Explain your answer. [40]

How important was the modernisation of industry to the economic growth of China by 1960? Explain your answer. [40]

How significant were China's relations with neighbouring states to its development as a world power by 1976? Explain your answer. [40]

How important was farming to the development of the economy in South Africa by 1948? Explain your answer. [40]

How significant was anti-communism as a reason for government repression of political opponents after 1948? Explain your answer. [40]

How important was Nasser as a cause of the increased hostility between Egypt and Israel during his time as president? Explain your answer. [40]

How significant was the 1977 Israeli election victory of Likud in the peace process to 1994? Explain your answer. [40]