IGCSE Economics (0455) — May–June 2025, Paper 11

30 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · The allocation of resources - factors of production (labour)

What is likely to increase the occupational mobility of labour? A increasing entry requirements to professions B increasing retraining of workers C introducing job specialisation…

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Question 2 · 1 mark · The basic economic problem - factors of production

Sonia owns a takeaway food delivery service. She decides to expand the firm, buying more vans and hiring additional drivers. Which factors of production were changed? A capital…

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Question 3 · 1 mark · The basic economic problem - production possibility curve

The diagram shows a production possibility curve (PPC). The economy is using all of its available resources. The vertical axis is manufactured goods and the horizontal axis is…

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Question 4 · 1 mark · The macroeconomy - economic growth and GDP

In 2020, to prevent the spread of a pandemic, many governments temporarily closed restaurants and cafes. What would be a macroeconomic impact of such a policy? A Demand for food…

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Question 5 · 1 mark · The allocation of resources - changes in demand and supply

Good weather results in an increase in the demand for and supply of peaches. How will this affect the price and quantity traded in the market for peaches? price of peaches…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · The allocation of resources - market equilibrium and subsidies

The diagram shows demand and supply curves for a product at its equilibrium price P. The diagram has price on the vertical axis and quantity on the horizontal axis. A…

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Question 7 · 1 mark · The allocation of resources - price elasticity of demand

The table shows the quantity demanded at different prices. price $ quantity demanded --- --- 6 3 5 4 4 5 3 7 2 9 For which fall in price is the demand price-inelastic? A from $6…

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Question 8 · 1 mark · The allocation of resources - price elasticity of supply

The price elasticity of supply (PES) of coffee is calculated as +0.2 for the current year and +2.0 in the long run. Why is the PES of coffee higher in the long run? A Coffee…

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Question 9 · 1 mark · The allocation of resources - the market system

What would a person believe who wished to encourage the use of the market system? A people should have equal living standards B people should have freedom of action C profit…

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Question 10 · 0 marks · Microeconomic decision makers - money and banking

What is not a form of money? A a banknote B a cheque C a coin D a credit card

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Microeconomic decision makers - influences on spending, saving and borrowing

If interest rates fall, what will be the most likely effect on saving and borrowing? saving borrowing --- --- --- A decrease decrease B decrease increase C increase decrease D…

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Microeconomic decision makers - the supply of labour

A bus driver initially works longer hours if the wage rate increases. As his earnings increase, there reaches a point when he prefers more leisure than extra work. Which supply…

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Microeconomic decision makers - trade unions

What is a function of a trade union? A to negotiate workers' contracts B to promote workers to more responsible jobs C to recruit workers for the firm D to supervise the workers…

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Microeconomic decision makers - economies and diseconomies of scale

There has been an improvement in the transport infrastructure in India that reduces the costs of farming. What is this an example of? A external diseconomies of scale B external…

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Microeconomic decision makers - capital-intensive and labour-intensive production

A firm chooses to become more capital-intensive. What is least likely to have increased? A interest rates B minimum wages C the power of trade unions D the productivity of capital

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Microeconomic decision makers - costs of production

The diagram shows the average total costs (ATC) and average fixed costs (AFC) for a firm. The vertical axis is cost in $ (marked at 2, 6, 10, 14) and the horizontal axis is…

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - government macroeconomic aims

What is a macroeconomic aim of a government? A high external costs B high sales tax C low unemployment D low wages

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - taxation and principles of taxation

What is a principle of taxation? A equality between social cost and social benefit B fairness between taxpayers C profit maximisation by firms D tax revenue maximisation

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - monetary policy

Monetary policy often involves a change in which variables? A government expenditure or taxes B interest rates or the money supply C labour market or trade union laws D tariffs or…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - supply-side policy

Which supply-side policy measure is most likely to enable a government to achieve its aim of full employment? A decreasing government spending on school buildings B decreasing the…

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Question 21 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - economic growth

Which policy decision is most likely to cause economic growth? A an increase in corporation tax rates B an increase in interest rates C an increase in the amount workers can earn…

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - measurement of unemployment

A government uses the labour force survey method to calculate unemployment. What is required under this method for a person to be classified as unemployed? eligible for…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - consequences of unemployment

What is most likely to rise when the level of employment falls in a high-income economy? A consumer confidence B government expenditure on state benefits C government revenue from…

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Government and the macroeconomy - inflation and the Consumer Prices Index

A Consumer Prices Index (CPI) consists of four items. The table shows the percentage price change for each item over a period of a year and the weight of each item. Which price…

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Economic development - measurement of living standards (HDI)

The table shows the Human Development Index (HDI) value for a country in two years. year HDI value --- --- 1 0.467 2 0.609 What would not explain the change in the HDI value? A an…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Economic development - population growth

Which combination of statistics is used to calculate the natural population growth of a country? 1st statistic 2nd statistic --- --- --- A birth rate net immigration B death rate…

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Question 27 · 1 mark · The basic economic problem - specialisation and division of labour

What will increase the level of specialisation in an economy? A A computer manufacturer takes over an advertising company. B A retail store issues its own credit card. C A travel…

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Question 28 · 1 mark · International trade and globalisation - dumping and protection

What might an economist consider to be meant by the term dumping? A foreign firms exporting waste products B foreign firms producing goods at a lower cost than domestic firms C…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · International trade and globalisation - foreign exchange rates

In the diagram, D is the demand curve for the Chinese yuan and S is the supply curve of the Chinese yuan. The vertical axis is the price of yuan (in US dollars) and the horizontal…

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Question 30 · 1 mark · International trade and globalisation - the current account of the balance of payments

The table shows the values of the items in a country's current account in two years. item year 1 ($m) year 2 ($m) --- --- --- balance of goods and services -30 0 net primary…

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