AS & A Level Psychology (9990) — October–November 2023, Paper 23

10 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 3 marks · Research methods — experimental designs (matched pairs design)

A matched pairs design is an experimental design that can be used in studies comparing two conditions, or levels, of an independent variable. Explain what is meant by a 'matched…

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Question 2 · 3 marks · Research methods — descriptive statistics (measures of spread: range)

A range can be calculated when numerical scores are collected from participants in a study. Define the term 'range'.

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Question 3 · 5 marks · Research methods — reliability (test-retest)

The reliability of a study is affected by the measures (scales or tasks) chosen by the researcher and the way that these are used when conducting the study. One way to check…

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Question 4 · 3 marks · Research methods — analysis of results (conclusions); social approach core studies

In each of the core studies, the researchers report their conclusions. Explain what is meant by the term 'conclusions', using an example from a core study from the social approach.

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Question 5 · 2 marks · Research methods — self-report (interviews); Saavedra and Silverman (button phobia)

In the study by Saavedra and Silverman (button phobia), a boy was repeatedly asked to use the Feelings Thermometer. Other questions investigated his phobia further and showed that…

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Question 6 · 6 marks · Research methods — ethics of animal research (housing and rewards)

Describe the ethical guidelines of 'housing' and 'rewards' in relation to animals, using any examples.

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Question 7 · 7 marks · Research methods — experiments (field experiments)

Dr Casson conducted a field experiment to compare the emotions that people show when they respond to shop assistants who are either wearing a uniform or casual clothes. She asked…

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Question 8 · 8 marks · Research methods — correlations; operationalising a variable

Keung and Jovita are planning a correlational study to investigate the relationship between a person's physical activity level and their attention level. They each make a…

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Question 9 · 9 marks · Research methods — extraneous variables

Dr Wilson is conducting an experiment on memory for complex, coloured shapes. He is using students for his sample. Dr Wilson intends to generalise his results widely, to…

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Question 10 · 14 marks · Research methods — planning an investigation (observational study)

Dr Birkin is planning an observational study of children's imaginary play behaviour (for example, a child might use a leaf as a plate, or a big cardboard box as a boat or a…

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