AS & A Level Marine Science (9693) — October–November 2024, Paper 12

7 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 10 marks · Marine chemistry / sea water / ionic compounds / electron arrangement

Sea water contains many dissolved salts, including sodium chloride. Complete Fig. 1.1 to show the electron arrangement of a chlorine atom.

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Question 2 · 14 marks · Marine organisms / classification / echinoderms / COTS

Crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS), Acanthaster planci, are echinoderms that feed on coral. State two features typical of echinoderms.

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Question 3 · 10 marks · Marine organisms / seagrass / manatees / plant structure

Manatees are large marine mammals that feed on seagrass in Florida. Fig. 3.1 shows a seagrass plant. Label four features of the seagrass plant shown in Fig. 3.1.

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Question 4 · 11 marks · Rocky shore / zonation / splash zone / intertidal zone

Fig. 4.1 shows a rocky shore with zones labelled P, Q, R, S and T. Name zones P and R.

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Question 5 · 12 marks · Mangrove forests / estuaries / sediment formation / deposition

Mangrove forests grow in tropical and subtropical coastal areas where there is an estuary. Explain how sediment is formed and deposited in estuaries where mangroves grow.

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Question 6 · 12 marks · Marine chemistry / water properties / hydrogen bonds / sea ice / density

Sea ice floats on the surface of polar seas. The ice forms when the temperature of sea water falls to −1.8 °C. Describe how hydrogen bonds form between water molecules and explain…

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Question 7 · 6 marks · Deep sea / hydrothermal vents / plate tectonics / chimney formation / minerals

Hydrothermal vents are found on the ocean floor. Fig. 7.1 shows a hydrothermal vent. Hydrothermal vents form chimneys made of minerals. Explain the processes that lead to a…

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