AS & A Level History (9489) — May–June 2025, Paper 43

Assess the extent to which Mussolini’s policies improved the Italian economy. [30]

‘Stalin’s concern for the security of the Soviet Union was the main cause of the Great Terror.’ Assess this view. [30]

‘The Nazi regime was popular mainly due to its economic success.’ Evaluate this view. [30]

Discuss the view that women’s roles and status changed significantly in Britain in the period 1919–39. [30]

Analyse the reasons why fear of communism was so widespread in the US in the late 1940s and 1950s. [30]

‘Rising prices were the biggest challenge to the US economy in the 1960s and 1970s.’ Discuss this view. [30]

‘Much less radical than it appeared.’ Evaluate this view of Reagan’s economic policy. [30]

Assess the motives for US attempts at nuclear arms limitation in the period 1963–79. [30]

‘US fear of communism was the main cause of the Cuban Crisis.’ Discuss this view. [30]

‘The USA benefited more than the People’s Republic of China from improved Sino–US relations in the 1970s and 1980s.’ Evaluate this view. [30]

Analyse the challenges facing agricultural development in the newly independent African nations. [30]

Assess the extent to which the aims of the revolutionaries in Iran were achieved by 1981. [30]