AS & A Level Geography (9696) — October–November 2024, Paper 23

Fig. 1.1 shows natural increase for selected countries from 1980 to 2020. Using Fig. 1.1: state the year when the natural increase for Finland was zero.

Fig. 2.1 shows net internal migration in Italy, an HIC in Europe, in 2017. Describe the pattern of net internal migration shown in Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 3.1 shows land values in the city of Richmond, Virginia, USA, an HIC in North America, in 2018. Describe the pattern of land values shown in Fig. 3.1.

Define the term infant mortality rate.

Compare the processes of chain migration and stepped migration.

Define the term counterurbanisation.