AS & A Level Geography (9696) — May–June 2024, Paper 31

Fig. 1.1 shows a pyramid of biomass for a seasonally humid tropical (savanna) ecosystem. Describe the pattern of biomass stores shown in Fig. 1.1.

Assess the relative importance of the processes involved in the formation of different tropical karst landforms.

'The most important factor influencing tropical climates is atmospheric pressure.' How far do you agree with this view?

Fig. 4.1 shows erosion rates along a section of a barrier island near Lagos, Nigeria, 2001–13. Describe the pattern of erosion rates shown in Fig. 4.1.

Assess the relative importance of the factors influencing the formation of coastal saltmarshes and mangroves.

'The characteristics and formation of fringing reefs, barrier reefs, and atolls are very different.' How far do you agree with this view?

Fig. 7.1 shows pyroclastic flows from Soufrière Hills volcano, Montserrat, on 8 January 2010. Describe the pattern of pyroclastic flows shown in Fig. 7.1.

Assess the extent to which impacts of hazards resulting from atmospheric disturbances vary.

Using a case study, evaluate the problems of sustainable management of a hazardous environment.

Fig. 10.1 is a photograph which shows a hot arid landscape in Namibia. With the aid of a labelled diagram, describe the main physical features of landform A shown in Fig. 10.1.

Using a case study, evaluate the solutions to the problems of sustainable management in either a hot arid or semi-arid environment.

Assess the extent to which aridity is caused by the rain shadow effect.