AS & A Level Further Mathematics (9231) — May–June 2023, Paper 21

8 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 5 marks · Matrices (systems of linear equations, consistency)

Show that the system of equations x + 2y + 3z = 1, 4x + 5y + 6z = 1, 7x + 8y + 9z = 1, does not have a unique solution.

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Question 2 · 7 marks · First-order differential equations (substitution, separable)

Use the substitution z = x + y to find the solution of the differential equation dy/dx = (1 + 3x + 3y) / (3x + 3y - 1) for which y = 0 when x = 1. Give your answer in the form a…

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Question 3 · 8 marks · Complex numbers (de Moivre's theorem, powers of cosine)

By considering the binomial expansion of (z + z^(-1))^4, where z = cos(theta) + i sin(theta), use de Moivre's theorem to show that cos^4(theta) = (1/8)(cos(4theta) + 4 cos(2theta)…

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Question 4 · 9 marks · Integration (reduction formulae)

The integral In is defined by In = integral from 0 to 1 of (1 + x^5)^n dx. By considering d/dx (x(1 + x^5)^n), or otherwise, show that (5n + 1) In = 2^n + 5n I(n-1).

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Question 5 · 10 marks · Matrices (characteristic equation, eigenvalues)

The matrix A is given by A = ( 18 5 -11 ) ( 8 6 -4 ) ( 32 10 -20 ) Show that the characteristic equation of A is lambda^3 - 4 lambda^2 - 20 lambda + 48 = 0 and hence find the…

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Question 6 · 11 marks · Second-order differential equations (particular solution, complementary function and particular integral)

Find the particular solution of the differential equation d^2x/dt^2 - 12 dx/dt + 36x = 37 sin(t), given that, when t = 0, x = dx/dt = 0.

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Question 7 · 11 marks · Integration (substitution)

Use the substitution u = x^2 - 1 to find the integral of x / sqrt(x^2 - 1) with respect to x.

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Question 8 · 14 marks · Hyperbolic functions (identities from exponential definitions)

Starting from the definitions of sech and tanh in terms of exponentials, prove that 1 - sech^2(t) = tanh^2(t).

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