AS & A Level Chemistry (9701) — May–June 2025, Paper 12

40 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · Chemical bonding: intermolecular forces

Consider the following statements. 1 Silicon dioxide has a higher melting point than sulfur dioxide. 2 Ammonia has a higher boiling point than phosphine, PH3. Which statements are…

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Question 2 · 1 mark · Atomic structure

How many neutrons are contained in an atom of iron with a mass number of 60? A 26 B 30 C 34 D 60

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Question 3 · 1 mark · Reaction kinetics

The diagram shows a Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies for a gaseous reaction at two different temperatures and two different activation energies (T1, T2, EA(1), EA(2)).…

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Question 4 · 1 mark · Equilibria

The reaction between sulfur dioxide and oxygen has the equation shown. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2SO3(g) ΔH = –197 kJ mol^-1 1.0 mol of SO2 and 1.0 mol of O2 are placed in a closed…

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Question 5 · 1 mark · Redox and electron transfer

'Red lead' is a red pigment with the formula Pb3O4. Every formula unit of 'red lead' is the same. Each formula unit contains three lead ions and four oxide ions. Lead has two…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · Energetics: enthalpy changes

Some standard enthalpy of combustion data are given. substance standard enthalpy change of combustion/kJ mol^-1 C(s) –394 H2(g) –286 CH3OH(l) –726 Using these data, what is the…

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Question 7 · 1 mark · Chemical bonding: shapes of molecules

Which row is correct? smallest bond angle → largest bond angle: A H2O, NH3, BF3 B BF3, NH3, H2O C NH3, H2O, BF3 D H2O, BF3, NH3

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Question 8 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: nitrogen and sulfur

In the Haber process, the reaction between the two gaseous reactants requires the use of a catalyst that contains a transition element. What is the metal and in which mole ratio…

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Question 9 · 1 mark · Reaction kinetics

Aqueous hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, decomposes into water and oxygen in the presence of a suitable catalyst. 50 cm^3 of a 0.50 mol dm^-3 solution of hydrogen peroxide produced 120…

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Question 10 · 1 mark · Chemical bonding: intermolecular forces

The average intermolecular forces in water are much stronger than the average intermolecular forces in steam. The average intermolecular forces in ice are slightly stronger than…

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry

An experiment is carried out to determine the value of x in hydrated lithium hydroxide, LiOH·xH2O. A sample of the solid is heated in a crucible over a Bunsen flame. Complete…

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry: ideal gases

A sample of an ideal gas occupies 240 cm^3 at 37 °C and 100 kPa. How many moles of gas are present in the sample? A 9.32 × 10^-6 B 9.32 × 10^-3 C 0.0781 D 78.1

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Energetics: enthalpy changes

Under certain conditions, CCl4 and H2O react as shown. The activation energy for the reaction is +62 kJ mol^-1. CCl4 + 2H2O → CO2 + 4HCl ΔH = –61.5 kJ mol^-1 Which enthalpy…

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Atomic structure: mass spectrometry

A helium ion contains two protons, two neutrons and one electron. This helium ion and a proton are passed separately through a uniform electric field. The particles are travelling…

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Introductory organic chemistry

The skeletal formulae of arginine and lysine are shown. Which row is correct? A arginine, empirical formula C3H7N2O, Mr 174 B arginine, empirical formula C3H8N2O, Mr 176 C lysine,…

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: Period 3

The oxide and chloride of an element X are separately mixed with water. The two resulting solutions have the same effect on litmus. What could element X be? A Al B Ca C Na D P

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: Group 17

Why do the halogens become less volatile as Group 17 is descended? A The halogen–halogen bond energy decreases. B The halogen–halogen bond energy increases. C The number of…

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: Period 3

Compound M is a white solid. It is the chloride of a Period 3 element. reaction observation compound M + non-polar solvent colourless solution compound M added a little at a time…

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: Group 2

Which statement about strontium and its compounds is correct? A Strontium hydroxide is more soluble than barium hydroxide. B Strontium sulfate is more soluble than magnesium…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Redox and electron transfer

Sodium bromide is warmed with concentrated sulfuric acid. Which row describes the change in the oxidation number of the sulfur and the role of the bromide ions in the reaction? A…

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Question 21 · 1 mark · Equilibria: acids and bases

A reaction occurs when ammonium chloride is added to calcium hydroxide. What is the role of the ammonium ions in this reaction? A acid B base C oxidising agent D reducing agent

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: Period 3

Elements Y and Z are both in Period 3. Element Y has the smallest atomic radius in Period 3. There are only two elements in Period 3 that have a lower melting point than element…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: Group 2

1.0 g of each of four different compounds of Group 2 elements are thermally decomposed. The residue in each decomposition is the oxide of the Group 2 element. The volume of gas…

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Chemistry of the elements: nitrogen and sulfur

Sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere can form acid rain. This occurs in two steps: 1 oxidation of SO2 to SO3 2 formation of dilute H2SO4 Which row identifies the atmospheric catalyst…

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: halogenoalkanes

Which statement about the mechanism of an SN1 reaction of a halogenoalkane is correct? A A nucleophile is substituted by an electrophile. B One intermediate is formed from two…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: polymers

The repeat unit of a polymer is shown: [-CH2-CHCl-CH2-CHOH-]n Three statements about this polymer are listed. 1 Its disposal is hazardous because it produces toxic gases when…

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Question 27 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: carbonyl compounds

Methanoic acid, HCO2H, has acidic properties similar to those of other carboxylic acids. In addition, it can be oxidised by the same oxidising agents that are capable of oxidising…

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Question 28 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: nitrogen compounds

Which row gives pentanenitrile as one product? A 1-bromobutane + heat with HCN B 1-bromobutane + heat with KCN using ethanol as solvent C 1-bromopentane + heat with HCN D…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: esters

An ester, R'CO2R'', is hydrolysed in alkaline conditions. R' and R'' are different alkyl groups. Which row identifies the two products formed? A product 1: R'CO2H, product 2:…

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Question 30 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: alcohols

Which compound cannot be oxidised by acidified potassium dichromate(VI) solution but does react with sodium metal? A (CH3)3COH B CH3COCH2CH3 C CH3CH2CH2CH2OH D CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3

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Question 31 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: carbonyl compounds

Butan-2-one reacts with alkaline I2(aq). An excess of dilute sulfuric acid is then added to the reaction mixture. The organic products of this reaction sequence are triiodomethane…

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Question 32 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: halogenoalkanes

Four reagents are listed. 1 aqueous KCl 2 dilute HCl 3 liquid SOCl2 4 solid PCl5 Which reagents, when added to ethanol, will rapidly produce a gas that turns blue litmus red? A 1…

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Question 33 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: halogenoalkanes

Four drops of 1-chlorobutane, 1-bromobutane and 1-iodobutane are put separately into three test-tubes containing 1.0 cm^3 of aqueous silver nitrate at 60 °C. In each case, a…

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Question 34 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: esters and alcohols

Propanoic acid reacts with LiAlH4 to give organic product P. Methanoic acid reacts with organic product P, in the presence of a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid, to give…

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Question 35 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: alkanes

Samples of the gases CH3Cl and Cl2 are mixed together and irradiated with ultraviolet light. Which compound is produced by a termination step in the reaction? A HCl B CH2=CH2 C…

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Question 36 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: alkenes

Propan-1-ol, C3H7OH, is dehydrated by passing its vapour over hot aluminium oxide to give a hydrocarbon. Which structural formula represents the product obtained when the…

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Question 37 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: alkenes

Alkane S has molecular formula C4H10. S reacts with Cl2(g) in the presence of sunlight to produce only two different monochloroalkanes, C4H9Cl. Both of these monochloroalkanes are…

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Question 38 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: isomerism

Including structural isomers and stereoisomers, how many isomers are there of C2H2Br2? A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5

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Question 39 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: isomerism

Which compound exhibits stereoisomerism? A 1,1-dichloropropene B 2,3-dichloropropene C 1,2-dichloropropane D 1,3-dichloropropane

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Question 40 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry: mass spectrometry

The mass spectrum of CH3Cl shows a molecular ion peak, M^+, at the m/e value of 50 with a relative abundance of 18.0%. Other peaks are present in the mass spectrum. What is seen…

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