AS & A Level Chemistry (9701) — May–June 2023, Paper 12

40 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · Atomic structure (isotopes, electronic configuration)

When chlorine gas is analysed in a mass spectrometer, 35Cl+ ions are detected. Which row is correct? number of neutrons in 35Cl+ electronic configuration of 35Cl+ --- --- --- A 17…

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Question 2 · 1 mark · Atomic structure (free radicals)

Which species is a free radical? A He B Be- C O2- D Zn

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Question 3 · 1 mark · Atomic structure (ionisation energies)

Which statement is correct? A The first ionisation energy of chlorine is more than the first ionisation energy of argon. B The second ionisation energy of calcium is more than the…

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Question 4 · 1 mark · Moles and stoichiometry (combustion)

If 1 mol of hexane combusts in an excess of oxygen, how many moles of products are formed? A 11 B 12 C 13 D 14

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Question 5 · 1 mark · Moles and stoichiometry

Separate samples, each of mass 1.0 g, of the compounds listed are treated with an excess of dilute acid. Which compound releases the largest amount of CO2? A 1.0 g CaCO3 B 1.0 g…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · Chemical bonding (shapes, hybridisation)

Which statement about the ClN=O molecule is correct? A Each molecule contains one sigma and one pi bond. B It is a non-polar molecule. C It is a linear molecule. D The nitrogen…

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Question 7 · 1 mark · Chemical bonding (shapes of molecules)

Which row is correct? molecule shape total number of pairs of electrons in the valence shell of the central atom --- --- --- --- A CO2 linear two B BF3 trigonal planar three C NH3…

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Question 8 · 1 mark · States of matter (ideal gas equation)

The volume of a vessel is 1.20 x 10^-3 m3. It contains pure argon at a pressure of 1.00 x 10^5 Pa, and at a temperature of 25.0 degC. Under these conditions it can be assumed that…

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Question 9 · 1 mark · Chemical energetics (enthalpy of neutralisation)

A student mixed 25.0 cm3 of 4.00 mol dm^-3 hydrochloric acid with an equal volume of 4.00 mol dm^-3 sodium hydroxide. The initial temperature of both solutions was 15.0 degC. The…

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Question 10 · 1 mark · Chemical energetics (Hess's law)

Nitrogen monoxide is rapidly oxidised to nitrogen dioxide. 2NO(g) + O2(g) - 2NO2(g) Nitrogen dioxide can then dimerise to form dinitrogen tetroxide. 2NO2(g) - N2O4(g) delta H =…

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Redox and oxidation numbers

LiAlH4 contains AlH4- ions in which aluminium has an oxidation state of +3. LiAlH4 reacts with water, as shown. LiAlH4 + 4H2O - 4H2 + LiOH + Al(OH)3 In this reaction, each of the…

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Redox (oxidation states, oxidising/reducing agents)

The vanadium salt, VOSO4, is soluble in water and reacts readily with powdered manganese in dilute sulfuric acid. The equation for the reaction is correct? Mn(s) + 2VOSO4(aq) +…

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Equilibria (Le Chatelier's principle, pressure)

In which equilibrium will an increase in pressure at constant temperature increase the yield of the products on the right-hand side of the equation? A CaCO3(s) <= CaO(s) + CO2(g)…

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Equilibria (Kp calculations)

Hydrogen iodide is added to an evacuated reaction vessel. The vessel is sealed and warmed. A decomposition reaction occurs. Hydrogen and iodine are formed. Some hydrogen iodide…

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Reaction kinetics (activation energy)

The equations for two reactions are shown. reaction X: 2NOBr - 2NO + Br2 reaction Y: 2NOCl - 2NO + Cl2 The two reactions have similar reaction mechanisms. The initial rate of…

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Reaction kinetics (Boltzmann distribution, catalysts)

The diagram shows the Boltzmann distribution of energies in a gas. The gas can take part in a reaction with an activation energy, Ea. The gas is maintained at a constant…

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Periodicity (Period 3 elements, properties)

L, M and N are three different elements from Period 3 of the Periodic Table. L is the element whose atoms have three unpaired electrons in its 3p sub-shell. M is the element with…

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Periodicity (oxides and chlorides of Period 3)

In reactions 1 and 2, X represents an element in Period 3. In each reaction, X is forming a chloride or oxide in which X is in its highest oxidation state. reaction 1: chlorine +…

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Periodicity (oxides and chlorides of Period 3)

Sodium, magnesium, aluminium, silicon and phosphorus are all elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table. Three statements about the oxides and chlorides of these elements are…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Group 2 chemistry (reactivity, thermal stability)

The table compares calcium with barium and calcium carbonate with barium carbonate. Which row is correct? reactivity of the element with water thermal stability of the metal…

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Question 21 · 1 mark · Group 2 chemistry (solubility of sulfates and hydroxides)

Solutions P and Q each contain a different Group 2 ion at the same concentration. One contains Mg2+ and the other contains Ba2+. Tests are carried out on separate 5 cm3 samples of…

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Chemistry of nitrogen / Group 17 (qualitative analysis)

J dissolves in water to give an aqueous solution K. K gives a dense white precipitate when aqueous silver nitrate is added. When heated with aqueous potassium hydroxide, K gives…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Nitrogen chemistry (fertilisers)

Ammonium sulfate, (NH4)2SO4, and ammonium nitrate, NH4NO3, are used as fertilisers. These salts have different percentages by mass of nitrogen. They have the same effect as each…

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Nitrogen chemistry / environment (catalytic converters)

The equation shows a reaction that occurs between carbon monoxide and nitrogen monoxide in a catalytic converter. 2CO(g) + 2NO(g) - 2CO2(g) + N2(g) Which statement is correct? A…

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry (molecular formulae, degrees of unsaturation)

Which compound has the molecular formula C6H10O? Four skeletal structures are shown: A is a cyclopentane ring with a C=O group (cyclopentanone), B is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one type…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry (structural isomerism of alcohols)

The general formula for a non-cyclic alcohol is CnH2n+1OH. How many different structural isomers are there for n = 3 and n = 4? n = 3 n = 4 --- --- --- A 2 2 B 2 4 C 3 4 D 3 8

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Question 27 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry (isomerism, functional group reactions)

Compound X, C5H10O3, has one chiral carbon atom per molecule. Compound X produces bubbles with Na but not with Na2CO3. Which formula could represent compound X? A…

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Question 28 · 1 mark · Hydrocarbons (free-radical substitution)

Ethane reacts with an excess of chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet light to form a mixture of products. How many of these products contain two carbon atoms and one or more…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · Halogen compounds (elimination reactions)

When bromoethane reacts with hot ethanolic sodium hydroxide a colourless gas is formed. This gas decolourises aqueous bromine. What is the colourless gas? A 1,2-dibromoethane B…

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Question 30 · 1 mark · Hydrocarbons (addition reactions, Markovnikov's rule)

Alkynes are hydrocarbons that contain one triple C-C bond. Like alkenes, alkynes take part in addition reactions. A saturated compound can be formed. For example, ethyne, H-C-C-H,…

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Question 31 · 1 mark · Hydrocarbons (electrophilic addition, carbocation stability)

Bromine reacts with alkenes by an electrophilic addition mechanism in which a cation is formed as an intermediate. Which mixture will produce the most stable intermediate cation?…

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Question 32 · 1 mark · Halogen compounds (nucleophilic substitution mechanisms)

Halogenoalkanes react with hot ethanolic potassium cyanide. The reaction mechanism is either SN1 or SN2. Which statement is correct? A All secondary halogenoalkanes react by the…

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Question 33 · 1 mark · Alcohols (oxidation, dehydration, isomerism)

X, Y and Z are three isomeric alcohols. X CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2OH Y CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH3 Z (CH3)3C(OH)CH2CH3 Separate samples of each alcohol are warmed with a mild oxidising agent and…

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Question 34 · 1 mark · Alcohols / carbonyls (tri-iodomethane reaction)

Compound G gives a pale yellow precipitate with alkaline I2(aq). What could be compound G? A pentan-1-ol B pentan-2-ol C pentan-3-ol D 2-methylpentan-2-ol

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Question 35 · 1 mark · Carbonyl compounds (nucleophilic addition mechanism)

The mechanism for the reaction between ethanal and hydrogen cyanide starts with the step shown: a cyanide ion (CN-) attacks the carbonyl carbon of ethanal (CH3CHO) and the pi…

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Question 36 · 1 mark · Carbonyl compounds (tests for aldehydes and ketones)

Which compound reacts with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine reagent but does not react with Tollens' reagent? A CH3COCO2H B CH3CH(OH)CHO C CH3COCHO D CH3CH(OH)CH3

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Question 37 · 1 mark · Carbonyl compounds (isomerism, Fehling's test)

Compound X has stereoisomers and forms a precipitate when warmed with Fehling's reagent. What could be the structure of compound X? Four skeletal structures are shown. A:…

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Question 38 · 1 mark · Carboxylic acids and derivatives (hydrolysis)

Which reaction will form propanoic acid? A acidic hydrolysis of propyl ethanoate B alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl propanoate C acidic hydrolysis of propanenitrile D acidic…

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Question 39 · 1 mark · Carboxylic acids and derivatives (esterification, polyesters)

Lactide is an intermediate in the manufacture of a synthetic fibre. Lactide is a six-membered ring containing two ester linkages (a cyclic di-ester) with two methyl substituents.…

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Question 40 · 1 mark · Analytical techniques (mass spectrometry, relative atomic mass)

The diagram shows the relative abundance of different isotopes of lead in a sample of lead ore. The abundance of 208 is half that of 206. The abundances of 208 and 209 are equal.…

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