AS & A Level Chemistry (9701) — February–March 2023, Paper 12

40 questions · every question answerable online with instant point-by-point AI marking against the official mark scheme.

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Question 1 · 1 mark · Redox and electron transfer

Four equations representing reactions of nitrogen or one of its compounds are given. Which equation represents a disproportionation reaction? A 2HNO3 + CaCO3 → Ca(NO3)2 + CO2 +…

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Question 2 · 1 mark · Reaction kinetics (Boltzmann distribution)

The diagram shows the Boltzmann distribution for one mole of a gas. The gas takes part in a reaction with an activation energy, Ea. The graph plots 'number of particles with…

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Question 3 · 1 mark · Reaction kinetics (rate factors)

A student carries out four experiments to investigate the rate of reaction between 3.0 g of calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. CaCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) +…

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Question 4 · 1 mark · Chemical equilibria (Kp)

The table shows the partial pressures in an equilibrium mixture formed by the Haber process. 3H2(g) + N2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) substance partial pressure / kPa --- --- nitrogen 7000…

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Question 5 · 1 mark · Chemical equilibria (Le Chatelier)

A reversible reaction is shown. 2NOCl(g) ⇌ 2NO(g) + Cl2(g) ΔH = +77.0 kJ mol⁻¹ Which change in conditions will move the position of equilibrium to the right and increase the value…

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Question 6 · 1 mark · Redox and oxidation numbers

The ore psilomelane may be considered to have the general formula Ba(Mn^(x+))(Mn^(y+))8O16(OH)4. In this general formula, x+ and y+ are the two different oxidation states of…

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Question 7 · 1 mark · Redox reactions

Silicon reacts with a mixture of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide at 1200 °C. 2MgO + 2CaO + Si → 2Mg + Ca2SiO4 Which statement about this reaction is correct? A Calcium is…

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Question 8 · 1 mark · Chemical bonding (lone pairs)

In which species is there a lone pair of electrons? A CH3 B CH3⁺ C CH3⁻ D CH4

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Question 9 · 1 mark · States of matter (ideal gases)

Under which conditions will nitrogen behave most like an ideal gas? temperature pressure --- --- --- A low high B high low C low low D high high

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Question 10 · 1 mark · Chemical energetics (enthalpy change of reaction)

The equation for a chemical reaction is shown. All substances are in their standard states. XeF6 + 3H2O → XeO3 + 6HF Which statement describes the standard enthalpy change of…

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Question 11 · 1 mark · Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry (the mole)

Molten aluminium chloride has a simple molecular structure. Each molecule consists of two aluminium atoms and six chlorine atoms. Which statement is correct? A All the chlorine…

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Question 12 · 1 mark · Atomic structure (subatomic particles)

Which atom contains four times as many neutrons as the ⁷₃Li atom? A ⁴⁰₂₀Ca B ²⁴₁₂Mg C ³¹₁₅P D ²⁶₁₄Si

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Question 13 · 1 mark · Atomic structure (ionisation energies)

Which statement about the first ionisation energies of magnesium and neon is correct? A Magnesium has the greater numerical value and both are endothermic. B Magnesium has the…

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Question 14 · 1 mark · Chemical bonding (hydrogen bonding)

In a sample of pure water, what is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds that one molecule of water can be involved in? A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4

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Question 15 · 1 mark · Atoms, molecules and stoichiometry (water of crystallisation)

Hydrated cobalt(II) sulfate loses water when heated to give anhydrous cobalt(II) sulfate. All the water of crystallisation is lost to the atmosphere as steam. When 3.10 g of…

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Question 16 · 1 mark · Chemical energetics (bond energies)

The table shows bond energies for some diatomic molecules. Deuterium, D, is an isotope of hydrogen. bond energy / kJ mol⁻¹ --- --- F–F 158 Cl–Cl 242 Br–Br 193 I–I 151 H–H 436 D–D…

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Question 17 · 1 mark · Nitrogen and sulfur chemistry

Two procedures are described. 1 Sulfur is burned in an excess of oxygen and then NO is added to the product mixture. 2 Sulfur is burned in an excess of oxygen and then NO2 is…

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Question 18 · 1 mark · Group 17 (halogen chemistry)

Powder P is a mixture containing two of AgCl, AgBr or AgI. P is shaken with dilute aqueous ammonia. A yellow solid, Q, remains. The mixture is filtered and Q is washed and dried.…

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Question 19 · 1 mark · Chemical periodicity (Period 3 oxides)

Two Period 3 elements, X and Y, burn separately in oxygen to form solid oxides. The oxide of X is insoluble in water. The oxide of Y dissolves in water to form a solution which…

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Question 20 · 1 mark · Chemical periodicity (structure and bonding of Period 3 chlorides and oxides)

Which row describes the structure and bonding of SiO2 and SiCl4? SiO2 structure SiO2 bonding SiCl4 structure SiCl4 bonding --- --- --- --- --- A giant covalent giant covalent B…

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Question 21 · 1 mark · Group 2 chemistry (thermal decomposition of nitrates)

A sample containing 0.010 mol of anhydrous calcium nitrate is heated strongly until it fully decomposes. All the gas produced is collected and its volume measured at room…

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Question 22 · 1 mark · Chemical periodicity (atomic and ionic radii)

V and Z are both elements in Period 3 of the Periodic Table. Each element forms one stable ion that does not contain another element. The atomic radius of each element and the…

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Question 23 · 1 mark · Group 2 chemistry (trends down the group)

In Group 2 of the Periodic Table, the properties of the elements and their compounds show regular change down the group. Which property shows a decrease from magnesium to barium?…

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Question 24 · 1 mark · Group 2 chemistry (anomalous behaviour of beryllium)

Four properties of beryllium, Be, or a beryllium compound are listed. Which property is different from the property of magnesium or the equivalent magnesium compound? A Be reacts…

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Question 25 · 1 mark · Organic chemistry (isomerism)

Which two formulae correctly represent a pair of structural isomers? A CH3CH(CH3)COOH and (CH3)2CHCOOH B CH3CH(COOH)CH3 and (CH3)2CHCOOH C CH3CHCOOH and CH3CH2CH2COOH D…

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Question 26 · 1 mark · Halogen compounds (nucleophilic substitution)

Which reagents and conditions would result in the formation of butanenitrile, CH3CH2CH2CN? A 1-bromobutane heated under pressure with ammonia in ethanol B 1-bromopropane heated…

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Question 27 · 1 mark · Halogen compounds and isomerism (elimination, optical isomerism)

Compound X, C7H13Br, reacts with hot alcoholic NaOH to produce two compounds, Y and Z. On reaction with Br2, Y gives a product, C7H12Br2, which exists as a mixture of four optical…

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Question 28 · 1 mark · Hydroxy compounds (oxidation of alcohols)

When illudin S is heated under reflux with an excess of acidified potassium dichromate(VI), compound M is formed. The structure of illudin S is shown: a bicyclic compound…

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Question 29 · 1 mark · Hydrocarbons (alkenes, molecular shape)

Cyclohexene, C6H10, is a hydrocarbon with a six-membered ring of carbon atoms. It has several structural isomers that are straight-chain alkenes. The number of double bonds in…

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Question 30 · 1 mark · Hydrocarbons (catalytic removal of pollutant gases)

Exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine are made less harmful by passing them through a catalytic converter. A number of reactions take place in the catalytic converter.…

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Question 31 · 1 mark · Halogen compounds (SN1 mechanism)

Which compound reacts most rapidly with aqueous silver nitrate by an SN1 mechanism? A 1-chloromethylpropane B 2-chloromethylpropane C 1-iodomethylpropane D 2-iodomethylpropane

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Question 32 · 1 mark · Carboxylic acids and derivatives (reduction by LiAlH4)

Tartaric acid, HOOCCH(OH)CH(OH)COOH, is found in many plants. A sample of tartaric acid reacts with an excess of LiAlH4 to form the organic product J. What happens when NaOH(aq)…

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Question 33 · 1 mark · Hydroxy compounds (dehydration of alcohols, addition to alkenes)

Citric acid can be converted into tricarballylic acid in two stages. An intermediate, Q, is formed. citric acid →(stage 1)→ Q →(stage 2)→ tricarballylic acid Citric acid is…

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Question 34 · 1 mark · Carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones, isomerism)

Structural and stereoisomerism should be considered when answering this question. P has molecular formula C5H10O. P produces an orange precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine…

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Question 35 · 1 mark · Carbonyl compounds (triiodomethane / iodoform reaction)

Two isomeric alcohols, W and X, have molecular formula C4H9OH. W is oxidised to carbonyl compound Y which gives a red precipitate with Fehling's solution. X is oxidised to…

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Question 36 · 1 mark · Carboxylic acids and derivatives (ester hydrolysis)

The ester ethyl butanoate can be hydrolysed using an excess of dilute sodium hydroxide solution. Which substance is a product of this reaction? A CH3CH2CH2CO2Na B CH3CO2Na C…

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Question 37 · 1 mark · Carboxylic acids (reaction with metals, stoichiometry)

An aqueous solution contains 4.00 g of a carboxylic acid, Q. When this solution reacts with an excess of magnesium, 380 cm³ of gas is produced, measured at s.t.p. What is the…

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Question 38 · 1 mark · Analytical techniques (infrared spectroscopy)

The infrared spectrum of an organic compound is shown. The spectrum plots transmittance / % against wavenumber / cm⁻¹. It shows a moderate broad absorption around 2900–3000 cm⁻¹…

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Question 39 · 1 mark · Hydrocarbons (electrophilic addition of bromine to alkenes)

Cyclohexa-1,4-diene is treated with a solution of bromine in tetrachloromethane in the dark. Cyclohexa-1,4-diene is a six-membered carbon ring with two C=C double bonds, one…

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Question 40 · 1 mark · Hydrocarbons (oxidative cleavage of alkenes)

2-methylbut-2-ene is reacted with hot, concentrated, acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution. What are the products of this reaction? A ethanal and propanone B ethanoic acid…

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